Nationalism Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is Nationalism by definition?
The belief that the nation is, or should be the central principle of political organisation.
What is the textbook definition of a Nation?
A group of people who have colletive goals based on common circumstances of birth or collective national identity
What are the three different determinants of a nation in Nationalism?
Cultural Factors
Psychological Factors
Political Factors
What are some examples of Cultural aspects of a Nation?
Commonality of;
- Religion
- Historical Experience
- Language
Explain the psychological aspect of a Nation
Shared/collective loyalty. (Hard to objectively pinpoint). links to patriotism.
Explain the political aspect of a Nation
- Citizenship of a nation-state, or a collective nationality that aspire to statehood
What aspects of nationality are inclusive/exclusive?
- Cultural is Exclusive
- Psychological and Political are Inclusive
What is a state? (Nationalism)
A political institution that establishes sovereign jurisdiction within defined territorial borders and exercises authority with legitimate use of force
What are the main differences between states and nations?
- Define a Nation, then Define a State.
- Nations are not real, States are.
What is a nation-state?
A form of political organisation where citizenship and nationality are mutually inclusive. Everyone from one nation in one state.
What is a quote by ‘Mazzini’ to describe nation-states?
‘Every nation a state, only one state for the entire nation’
What is the practical problem of nation states?
-Due to globalisation and things like freedom of movement, few states are purely nation states and have many people from other nations
Define patriotism (Nationalism Topic)
emotional attachment to or love of ones country. The psychological basis for national identity.
Define Race (Nationalism Topic)
A genetic or biological categorization of a people based on common ancestry and shared inherited genetic traits.
Why are nations and states often confused?
- There is overlap. Nations have a political aspect to them (aspiration to statehood), and states are often nation states, so referring to one often means referring to the other as well
What are the different important types of nationalism?
- Liberal Nationalism
- Conservative Nationalism
- Expansionist Nationalism
- Post Colonial Nationalism/Socialist Nationalism
Explain Liberal Nationalism
- Opposed to colonialism and multinational empire. Nations should be ‘free’
- Believe in equal rights to self-determination
- Nation States are important
What is a quote by J.S. Mill about the ultimate goal of liberal nationalism?
‘The boundaries of government should coincide in the main with those of that nationality’
Why is equal rights to self determination key to liberal nationalists for global harmony and peace?
-Nation states recognition of their equal right to self-determination means they would not wage war to conquer other territories
Explain Conservative Nationalism?
- National identity is key for social cohesion
- Aspect of Organic Society, harmony because everyone is the same nation
- Defence of traditional national institutions (Nation is a cultural concept)
What are criticisms of Conservative Nationalism?
- Leads to bigotry and intolerance due to belief in national superiority
- It’s a construct used by the elite to control the masses e.g. propaganda in war time
Explain the key points of Expansionist Nationalism
- Based on nationalistic superiority and conquering other nations (Chauvinism)
- Not all nations are equal, dont get self-determination
- Link to Darwinism, Natural Selection
Explain Anti-Colonialist nationalism
- Same as Liberal Nationalism in right ot Self Determination
- Rejects western political systems of colonialism and western economics, so turns to Socialism.
What is internationalism?
-Looking beyond the nation to seek to construct supranational intstitutions
