Nationalism and Exclusionism Flashcards
How is nationalism an excluding ideology regarding the idea of the state?
The idea that mankind is split into distinc nations is intrinsic within nationalism - e.g. Herder believed humans were divided by language - Treatise on the Origin of Language (1772) - groups nations into ‘volk’ who should speak their language - ‘spew out the slime of the Seine’ - led to exclusionist agendas e.g. Hitler’s ‘Greater Germany’.
How is nationalism exclusionist regarding chauvinist nationalism?
Particularly exclusionist as it regards one’s own nation as superior - e.g. Maurras - ‘anti-France’ - where he blamed the decline of France on ‘confederate states such as ‘Protestants, Jews, Freemasons and Foreigners’ - influenced exclusionist agendas - e.g. Hitler’s ideas of Aryan supremacy.
How is nationalism exclusionist regarding when two or more nations occupy one nation state?
May be particularly exclusionist when a nation state is governed by two nations - e.g. Mazzini advocated freedom from the domination of a foreign body in Italy - e.g. SNP favour Holyrood being dominant over Parliament - led to greater calls from independence - 41% in 2021.
How is nationalism not expansionist regarding preservation of identity?
Some nationalists use the preservation of identity as a unifying force - e.g. Marcus Garvey in ‘A Message to the People’ (1937) - advocated a unification of Africans to create a united Africa - reversal of colonialisation - ‘one nation knowing no boundaries’ - not exclusionist.
How is nationalism not expansionist regarding republicanism?
Republicanism advocated for by liberal nationalists can be regarded as unifying - e.g. Mazzini’s ideas to unite Italy to create ‘one independent, free republic’ - he wanted Italy to become democratic and be founded ‘on the sense of fellowship which binds together the sons of that territory’ - even individual freedom cannot interfere with that collective enterprise.
How is nationalism not expansionist regarding liberal nationalists?
Liberal nationalists claim that nationalism may end harmful conflicts and divisions within a nation - e.g. Rousseau claimed that his ‘General will’ would create a series of nations that would cooperate peacefully - social cohesion could only come about under a ‘civic religion’ - influenced Woodrow Wilson in creating the UN.
