Nationality and Ethnicity

Question 1

Traditional/negative representations of nationality - Mulhern

Answer 1

The media portrays the Irish as 2 stereotypes either homesick and drinking or too busy to be homesick because they are making money in the city.

Question 2

Traditional/negative representations of nationality - Vir, Hall, Foye

Answer 2

Those who live in the highlands feel under-represented in media portrayals.

Question 3

Traditional/negative representations of nationality - Graham

Answer 3

Media forcing other nationalities leads to ‘Tokenism’. The program ‘Gavin and Stacey’ portrays Wales as thick.

Question 4

Traditional/negative representations of ethnicity - Barker

Answer 4

Multicultural societies welcome different groups, but the media shows ethnicities in the way the audience wants to see and hear them, often stereotyped with given labels. Media like EastEnders were heavily criticised for stereotyping minority groups.

e.g. having Asian people play shopkeepers

Question 5

Traditional/negative representations of ethnicity - Van Dijk

Answer 5

Through a content analysis of symbols, he found that groups were stereotyped in particular ways. Black people were stereotyped as criminals, abnormal, dependent, threat, and unimportant.

Question 6

Traditional/negative representations of ethnicity - Husband&Heartman

Answer 6

The media see black Afro-Caribbean people as foreigners and inferior, emphasising racial conflict, and presenting negative stereotypes of ethnic minorities.

Question 7

Traditional/ negative reps of ethnicity - Hall

Answer 7

The media sees black people as a threat and enforces the message that they are inferior. State media see black people through the white eye as slaves, comedians or natives.

Question 8

Traditional/ negative reps of ethnicity - Moghissi

Answer 8

Muslims are huddled together in the media. Since 7/11 and 9/11it has created a moral panic around Islam, where women are seen as honor-killing victims and males are seen as terrorists.

Question 9

Traditional/ negative reps of ethnicity - Malik

Answer 9

The media does not accurately reflect ethnicity in the UK. Members of ethnic groups are watching less mainstream TV, opting for satellite networks due to broadcasters’ tokenism and stereotyping. Broadcasters are guilty of exaggerating minor ethnicities, and fail to reflect modern ethnic culture.

Question 10

Changing/positive reps of ethnicity - Malik

Answer 10

reality TV shows became more inclusive of ethnic minorities, shifting the depiction to alternate new forms. Like ‘X factor’ which reflects diversity.

Question 11

Changing/positive reps of ethnicity - Barker

Answer 11

ethnic minorities in EastEnders are being given meaningful attention and stories. Media reflects demographic of London better.

Question 12

Changing/positive reps of ethnicity - Hall

Answer 12

Despite improvements in the media, there is still inferential racism - coverage seems balanced, but racist assumptions still inform the coverage. Overt racism - racist arguments presented favorably- won’t be tolerated by the British public anymore. Rare to see black/Asian characters as the star, but as it keeps happening makes a positive image.

Question 13

Changing/positive reps of ethnicity - Gill

Answer 13

Blasians - Asian youths who adopt black culture
Brasian - Asian youth who adopt a white British culture with peers.
The media portrayals of different cultures encourage cultural borrowing, which leads to hybrid identities

e.g. Zayn Malik

Question 14

Changing/positive reps of ethnicity - Nayak

Answer 14

Young working-class white males who adopt the language and style of black culture. Called ‘white wannabes’