NATO

Question 1

ARCTIC OCEAN

Question 2

• Thule Air Force Base

Question 3

GREENLAND

Question 4

ICELAND

Question 5

USSE

Question 6

CANADA

Question 7

UNITED STATES

Question 8

ATLANTIC OCEAN

Question 9

PORTUGAL

Question 10

SPAIN

Question 11

ALASKA

Question 12

Pinetree Line (1954)

Question 13

30 Radar stations

Question 14

—- Mid-Canada Line (1957)

Question 15

98 Stations

Question 16

Distant Early Warning (DEW)

Question 17

Line Stations (1958-1960)

Question 18

*GERMANY

Question 19

FRANCE SWIT

Question 20

NATO

Question 21

Turkey and Greece joined NATO in 1952.

Question 22

West Germany joined NATO in 1955.

Question 23

Warsaw Pact

Question 24

Non-aligned states

Question 25

Spain joined NATO in 1982

Question 26

Iron Curtain

Question 27

1400 KIl

Question 28

Figure 6-3 Countries of NATO and the Warsaw Pact.

Question 29

The dividing line between the Western European and

Question 30

communist countries was known as the "Iron

Question 31

Curtain

Answer 31

" and movement of people and information from one side to the other was tightly restricted. Thinking critically Why would countries in Western Europe feel threatened by the countries of the Warsaw Pact? part of the northern hemisphere was now effec- tively divided into two hostile camps. Armies con- stantly practised for war, and countries continually added to their arsenals of weapons. Everywhere, spies and counterspies probed for weaknesses in their enemy's security, searching for secrets and carrying out assassinations and murders, promot- ing revolutions and counter-revolutions. In 1956, Soviet troops brutally crushed a revolution in Hungary. In 1961, communist-controlled East Germany built a wall around West Berlin to keep East Berliners in and West Berliners out. The Berlin Wall became a powerful symbol of the Cold War and the tensions that divided East from West. Canada's Commitment to NATO Prime Minister Mackenzie King defended Canada's decision to join a military alliance in a time of peace. In a 1948 speech to the House of Commons, he stated: Where force threatens, it can be kept at bay by su- perior force. So long as communism remains a menace to the free world, it is vital to the defence of freedom to maintain ... military strength on the side of freedom, and to ensure the degree of unity among the nations which will ensure that they can- not be defeated one by one. Force has not in itself the power to create bet- ter conditions. But a measure of security is the first essential. If properly organized, the force required to provide security would have the power to save from destruction those who have at heart the alm of creating better conditions.... Canada made a serious commitment when it joined NATO. It agreed to keep a full army brigade and several air squadrons in Europe. It built and supplied military bases overseas. Canadian ships and aircraft tracked the movements of Soviet sub- 134 Unit I Canada in the Twentieth Century marines in milita haps mo had to a 1. a) V a b) t ( 2. Wh wa We 3. WI Mi de 4. V