Natural Immunity

Question 1

These make up 50-70% of total WBCs

Answer 1

Neutrophils

Question 2

How many lobes does Neutrophils have?

Answer 2

2-5 lobes

Question 3

What are the primary granules?

Answer 3

• Myeloperoxidase
• Elastase
• Proteinase 3
• Lysozyme
• Cathepsin G
• Defensins

ME-PL-CD

Question 4

What are the secondary granules?

Answer 4

• Collagenase
• Lactoferrin
• Lysozyme
• NADPH oxidase

CLLN

Question 5

What are the tertiary granules?

Answer 5

• Gelatinase
• Plasminogen activator

GP

Question 6

These are found in separate compartments called lysosomes

Answer 6

Acid hydrolases

Question 7

Acid hydrolases are found in separate compartment called

Answer 7

Lysosomes

Question 8

These make up 1-3% of total WBCs

Answer 8

Eosinophils

Question 9

What are the characteristics of Eosinophils nucleus?

Answer 9

Location: eccentric
Lobes: bilobed
Size: large
Color: orange to red acidophilic granules

Question 10

Eosinophils are involved in the following:

Answer 10

• Neutralizing basophil and mast cells products
• Killing parasites
• Allergic reactions

Question 11

These make up less than 1% of total WBCs

Answer 11

Basophils

Question 12

Basophils contain densely staining ________ granules that ________

Answer 12

Densely staining bluish-purple granules that obscure the nucleus

Question 13

Neutrophils contain:

Answer 13

Neutral staining granules

Question 14

When basophils binds with IgE, it leads to

Answer 14

Degranulation

Question 15

During allergic reactions, basophils release two enzymes

Answer 15

Histamine and Heparin

Question 16

Basophils life span in the bloodstream

Answer 16

Few hours

Question 17

It resemble basophils, but are connective tissue cells and are larger, with a small round nucleus and more granules and a longer life

Answer 17

Mast cells

Question 18

Mast Cells life span in the connective tissue

Answer 18

9-18 months

Question 19

Mast Cells enzyme content:

Answer 19

• Acid phosphatase
• Alkaline phosphatase
• Protease granules

AAP

Question 20

Differences of Basophils with Mast Cells

Answer 20

• Basophils - blood, lobed nucleus, few hrs unless IgE binding occurs
• Mast cells - connective tissue, comparatively larger, round nucleus, 9-18 mos.

Question 21

Similarities of Basophils and Mast Cells

Answer 21

Their functions (which also binds with IgE)

Question 22

These make up 4-10% of total WBCs

Answer 22

Monocytes

Question 23

Largest cells in the peripheral blood (PB)

Answer 23

Monophils

Question 24

Has irregularly folded or horseshoe-shaped nucleus

Answer 24

Monocytes

Question 25

Monocytes cytoplasm stains ________ with a ________ appearance

Answer 25

Stains dull grayish blue with a ground-glass appearance

Question 26

Monocyte consists of the following granules:

Answer 26

- Peroxidase - Acid Phosphatase - Arylsulfatase - B-glucuronidase - Lysozyme - Lipase PAA-BLL *NO alkaline phosphatase (compare to mast cells)

Question 27

Monocytes becomes ________ once in the tissue

Answer 27

Macrophage

Question 28

Its cytoplasm has a lace-pattern

Answer 28

Monocytes

Question 29

Arise from monocytes and contain NO peroxidase

Answer 29

Tissue macrophage

Question 30

Macrophages have specific names according to their location: - lungs - liver - brain - connective tissue

Answer 30

- lungs - alveolar macrophage/ dust cells - liver - kupffer cells - brain - microglial cells - connective tissue - histiocytes

Question 31

Most potent phagocyte

Answer 31

Dendritic cells

Question 32

Main function of dendritic cells is

Answer 32

Antigen presentation to T cells

Question 33

Examples of Antigen presenting cells (APC):

Answer 33

Dendritic cells, Monocytes, Macrophages, B cells DMMB

Question 34

Describe the process of antigen presentation

Answer 34

Antigens are digested by phagocytes -> phagocytes will process antigens into smaller peptides that they can put in MHC class II -> once helper T cells recognized those peptided in MHC class II, it will secrete cytokines = cytokines will induce other cells to do their functions Example: helper T cell will release cytokines -> cytokines will induce B cells to produce antibodies

Question 35

Dendritic cells are classified according to tissue location: - langerhans cells - interstitial dendritic cells - interdigitating dendritic cells

Answer 35

- langerhans cells - skin and mucous membrane - interstitial dendritic cells - heart, lungs, liver, kidney, GIT - interdigitating dendritic cells - T cell areas of secondary lymphoid tissue and thymus