Natural Science

Question 1

is a branch of science that deals with the natural world: its processes, elements, and composition.
(example: Physics, Chemistry, Earth Science, etc.)

Answer 1

Natural Science

Question 2

is a branch of science that deals with human behavior in its social and cultural aspects. (Anthropology,
Sociology, Political Science, etc.)

Answer 2

Social Science

Question 3

It can be defined as the ways of life including arts, beliefs and institutions of a population that are passed down
from generation to generation. Culture has been called “the way of life for an entire society.”

Answer 3

Culture

Question 4

It can be defined as group of people who share the same set of laws, rights, and resources.

Answer 4

Society

Question 5

It can be defined as the science of government.

Answer 5

Politics

Question 6

(humans)

Answer 6

Anthropos

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(to study)

Answer 7

Logos

Question 8

is the study of humankind in all times and all places or the study of human and its culture.

Answer 8

ANTHROPOLOGY

Question 9

refers to the differences in social behaviors that different cultures exhibit around the world.

Answer 9

Cultural Variation

Question 10

Four Cultural Variation

Answer 10

1. Religion
2. Ethnicity
3. Nationality
4. Society

Question 11

(companion)

Answer 11

Socius

Question 12

(to study)

Answer 12

Logos

Question 13

The study of human social relationships and institutions.

Answer 13

SOCIOLOGY

Question 14

Father of Sociology
He believed that society should be understood and studied as it was, rather than what it ought to be.

Answer 14

Auguste Comte

Question 15

American Sociologist who laid the groundwork for sociology of race and ethnicity and contributed important analyses
of American Society in the immediate aftermath of the Civil War.

Answer 15

William Du Bois

Question 16

Was a British scholar and writer who were also fundamental to establishing the sociological perspective. She wrote
prolifically about the relationship between politics, morals, and society, as well as sexism and gender roles.

Answer 16

Harriet Martineau

Question 17

Two Main Approaches in Sociology

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1.Macro-sociology takes on the study of society as a whole.
2.Micro-sociology study of small group behavior, focuses on the nature of everyday human interaction on a small
scale.

Question 18

are the differences among the individuals based on social characteristics and qualities.

Answer 18

Social Differences

Question 19

Parts of Social Differences

Answer 19

Gender
Socio-economic status
Exceptionality

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(city-state)

Answer 20

Polis

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(to know)

Answer 21

Scire

Question 22

The systematic study of governance by the application of empirical and general scientific methods of analysis.

Answer 22

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Question 23

It is the way that people living in groups make decisions.
* making agreements between people so they can live together in groups such as tribes, cities, or countries.

Answer 23

Politics

Question 24

Always associated with group affiliation and describes the ways in which being a member of a particular group might
express specific political opinions and attitudes.

Answer 24

Political Identity

Question 25

A group of persons organized to acquire and exercise political power. Example: Liberal

Answer 25

Political Party

Question 26

It is a way of electing representatives where people vote for a political party instead of a person. This system helps smaller groups and underrepresented sectors have a voice in law-making. Example: 101 Act CIS, Bayan Muna, Ako Bicol, and so on)

Answer 26

Party list

Question 27

Political Identity

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Partisan Politics Race and Identity Class and Identity Colonialism and Identity

Question 28

means that any significant shift or modification in the lifestyle of society that affects the major portion of the population that brings about the pattern of behavior.

Answer 28

Social Change

Question 29

refers to the changes made in cultural elements, both material and non- material

Answer 29

Cultural Change

Question 30

is when there is significant disruption in government that leads to new or modified leadership or policies.

Answer 30

Political Change

Question 31

Causes of Social Change

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1. Technology 2. Social institution 3. Population 4. Environment 5. Modernization

Question 32

Innovation Cultural Diffusion- spread of culture typically as a result of making contact with a new group. * Hearth – A place of origin for a particular culture.

Answer 32

Sources of Cultural, Social and Political Change

Question 33

2 Process of Learning Culture

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Enculturation Acculturation

Question 34

1.It is a process where the child observed and adopted their own culture. 2.It is process where minority (small group of people) adopts the cultural aspects of the majority (large group of people) without losing their own traditions and customs. - Assimilation (There is a loss of minority’s own culture as more value is given to the cultural aspects of the majority.)

Answer 34

Enculturation Acculturation

Question 35

Social Contradiction and Tensions

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Inter- ethnic conflict Revolution

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an armed conflict between ethnic groups

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Inter- ethnic conflict

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public seizure of the state with the main goal of overturning the existing political structures

Answer 37

Revolution

Question 38

occurs when non-state actors use violence against civilians to achieve their political goals.

Answer 38

Terrorism-

Question 39

refers to the view that all genders should receive equal treatment and therefore should not be discriminated against based on their gender.

Answer 39

Gender Issues

Question 40

It is an observable fact or event.

Answer 40

Phenomena

Question 41

are the individual, external, and social constructions that influence a person’s life.

Answer 41

Social Phenomena

Question 42

Some examples of social behavior and phenomena:

Answer 42

Food Taboo *Istambay * Marriage * Racism * Crime * Social Inequality

Question 43

A person or a group may be influenced by their political views, ideologies, and levels of political participation.

Answer 43

Political Behavior

Question 44

Are not limited to public offices as these also include how institutions like schools, churches, or companies are run and governed. Some example of Political Behavior and phenomena: * Elections * Political Dynasty * Political candidate endorsed by celebrity * Incompetent Governance * Political Bribery and corruption * Political Color

Answer 44

Political Phenomena

Question 45

It is the way of people act, think, and interact based on their culture’s values, norms, and symbols.

Answer 45

Cultural Behavior

Question 46

– It is refers to a concept behavior, or experience that is shaped by the beliefs, values, and practices of a particular society or group. Some examples of Cultural Behavior and Phenomena: * Popularity(Fan Base) * Social Media Buzz * Social Media Trends

Answer 46

Cultural Phenomenon

Question 47

society is the leading concept while culture is subordinate.

Answer 47

In sociology

Question 48

culture comes first as a subject matter followed by society.

Answer 48

In anthropology

Question 49

defined culture as “that complex whole which includes knowledge, art, belief, law, morals, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”

Answer 49

SOCIETY AND CULTURE AS A COMPLEX WHOLE Edward B. Tylor

Question 50

are the rules that govern our lives, it is the expectations and rules of behavior that develop out of values. It is the guidelines of our behavior.

Answer 50

Norms

Question 51

– Also known as “convention” or “customs”, it is a standard of behavior that are socially approved but not morally significant.

Answer 51

Folkways

Question 52

are the customs, norms, and behaviors that are acceptable to a society or social group. It is morally significant.

Answer 52

Mores

Question 53

A legal form is a binding rule or principle, or norm, that organizations of sovereign power promulgate and enforce in order to regulate social relations.

Answer 53

Laws

Question 54

a prohibition or forbidden of certain behavior in society, negative norms.

Answer 54

Taboos

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It is opposition to the norms and values of the dominant culture.

Answer 55

Counterculture

Question 56

Cultures are constantly changing through inventions improvement and borrowing from other societies.

Answer 56

CULTURE IS DYNAMIC, FLEXIBLE, AND ADAPTIVE

Question 57

Members of a society or group commonly share ideas, activities, and artifacts, thus making their behavior standardized.

Answer 57

CULTURE IS SHARED AND CONTESTED

Question 58

Socialization and Enculturation

Answer 58

CULTURE IS LEARNED THROUGH SOCIALIZATION AND ENCULTURATION

Question 59

Social interaction- is the process by which people act and react in relation to others.

Answer 59

CULTURE IS PATTERNED SOCIAL INTERACTIONS

Question 60

To keep the culture functioning, all aspects of the culture must be integrated, if not it will be unstable.

Answer 60

CULTURE IS INTEGRATED AND AT TIMES UNSTABLE

Question 61

Language affects culture and vice versa (and other forms such as signs, sounds, etc.)

Answer 61

CULTURE REQUIRES LANGUAGE AND OTHER FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

Question 62

Believing your own culture is the best or most natural way to see the world.

Answer 62

ETHNOCENTRISM

Question 63

Understanding and respecting other cultures based on their own values and beliefs.

Answer 63

CULTURAL RELATIVISM

Question 64

Preferring another culture’s products, ideas, or ways over your own.

Answer 64

XENOCENTRISM

Question 65

Fear, dislike, or prejudice against people from other countries or cultures.

Answer 65

XENOPHOBIA

Question 66

is an act of submitting oneself to the norms and conventions of society.

Answer 66

CONFORMITY

Question 67

it is the opposite of conformity. * Deviants are those who do not conform with the norms and laws of society.

Answer 67

DEVIANCE