nature and nurture debate Flashcards
(19 cards)
nature definition
view that behaviour is a product of innate (bioloigcal and genetic factors)
nurture defintion
view that bheaviour is a product of enviromental infleunces
example of nature
Bowbly
proprosed that children come into the world biolgcally programmed to form attachtments to survive
suggests attachemnt behaviours are naturally selected
passed on as result of genetic inheritance
supported by animal research e.g lorenz and ahrlows study
nurture example
behaviorist
explin attachemnt in terms of classical conditioning
food is associated with mother
free will and determinism definition of debate
extent to which behaviour is the result of forces over which we have no control or whether people are able to decide for themselves whether too act or behave in a certain way
free will
idea that humans play active role and can make choices in how we behave
indivduals are free to choose their behaviour and are not detemrined by bioolgoical or external factors
how humanistic approach takes free will stance in psychology
sugegsts we are reponsible for our own behaviour (active agents)
regardless of external events in past or present
behaviour is not result of any single cause
determinism
view that individuals behaviour is shaped or controlled by internal or external factors rather then an indivduals will to do something
TYpes of determinism
Hard
Soft
biological
enviromental
pscyhic
hard detmerinism
implies that free will is nto impossible as behaviour is always controlled by internal or external events beyond our control
seen as incompatible with free will
soft determinism
view that behaviour is contained by the enviorment or biological makeup but only to a certain extent
there is an elemt of free will in all behaviour
biolgoical detmerism
belive beheaviour is caused by biological infleunces which we cannot control
e.g high levels of testerone cause aggressive behaviours
enviromental determisism
behaviour is caused by features of the enviroment that we cannot control
physic determinsim
belief that behaviour is caused by unconcious conflicts which we cannot control
holism vs reductionism
concerned with the levl at which it is appropriate to explain behaviour
reductionist explantions attempt to break down thoughts and actions ito the smallest simplest parts
holistic explantiona consider the person as a whole
holism
belief that behaviour can only be understood by analysying person as a whole rather then constituent parts
reducationsim
analysing behaviour by breaking it down into simple components as complex behaviour is best understood in terms of s simplier level of explanation
idiographic approach explanation
approach that focuses on the individual and empahsises the unique personal experience of human nature
nomothetic approach
approach that attempts to explain behaviour through development of general laws that apply to large groups of people
