Nature Of Matter Flashcards
(29 cards)
Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
When dealing with a single substance, what is the most important factor in determining the state of a given type of matter?
Temperature
What is an indirect measurement of the particles average kinetic energy?
Temperature
What state of matter
- Is characterized by a definite shape and volume
- Has very little kinetic energy
A Solid
What happens when a substance hits the melting point?
The particles have enough kinetic energy to break lose from their rigid positions and form a liquid.
In which state of matter are particles close together but can still slip and slide freely over each other?
A liquid state
God ex nihilo
All of the materials composed in the universe were created by God OUT OF NOTHING. (Genesis 1:1)
Boiling point
The particles gain enough kinetic energy to break away from each other and create a GAS
Which state of matter does not have a definite volume and is easily compressed.
Gas
Plasma
A hot gas that breaks atoms down to form IONS. It is the most common state of matter.
Substance:
A form of matter with unique properties that make it different from every other substance
A grouping of symbols that tell what type of atom forms the compounds
Formula
What is a pure substance
A pure substance has a definite composition and the amounts of each element in a compound do not change.
What is a homogeneous mixture
They are composed of the same kind of matter throughout a sample Examples: sea water Vinegar Bleach
What is a mixture
A substance consisting of two or more pure substances that are chemically mixed but not chemically combined.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
Pure substances that are INCOMPLETELY mixed.
What is a phase
A homogeneous part of a system that is in contact with but physically distinct from other parts of the system (oil and water are phases that do not mix)
Who created the atomic theory
John dalton
Name the five ideas of the atomic theory
- Every element consists of atoms
- All of the atoms in a particular element have the same size, mass, and matter
- Differences in properties of elements result from differences in atoms of the elements
- The atoms of the elements combined in a compound are combined in s definite ratio
- A chemical reaction is the result of rearrangement, combination, or separation of masses
Explain the Law of Definite Composition by John Dalton
The ratios of the masses of each element in s given compound are always the same
What is John Dalton’s law of multiple proportions?
When two elements combine to make more than one compound,the masses of one element that combine with a fixed amount of the other element are in a ratio of small whole numbers
Atoms
The smallest particle
Element
Cannot be broken down into a simpler substance by chemical means
What are groups of two or more atoms chemically bonded together to form distinct units
Molecules
