Nature vs Nurture

Question 1

What is the scientific term for identical twins?

Answer 1

Monozygotic Twins

Question 2

What happens when two sets of genes join up?

Answer 2

A fertilised egg is produced.

Question 3

How are identical (monozygotic) twins formed?

Answer 3

Identical twins are formed when one egg is fertilized by one sperm which then splits in two and two babies are formed.

Question 4

What is the scientific term for non-identical twins?

Answer 4

Dizygotic twins.

Question 5

What do chromosomes carry?

Answer 5

Genes.

Question 6

What does variation mean?

Answer 6

Differences in characteristics.

Question 7

What is the graph called to map animals into groups?

Answer 7

Classification graph.

Question 8

How many chromosomes do humans have in each cell?

Answer 8

46 (23 pairs)

Question 9

What happens to a sperm and egg in fertilization?

Answer 9

They join up or fuse developing into an embryo with a mixture of the parents characteristics

Question 10

Where do you find chromosomes?

Answer 10

In the Nucleus of a cell

Question 11

What are environmental variations?

Answer 11

Variation that is caused by lifestyle. (weight, dyed hair colour.)

Question 12

What is discontinuous variation?

Answer 12

Discontinuous variation is data that can only be chosen from a few options.

Question 13

What are genetic variations?

Answer 13

variation that is caused by genes. (natural eye colour, hair colour.)

Question 14

What is continuous variation?

Answer 14

Continuous variation is variation that has no limit on the value. Some examples of continuous variation are : height, weight, eye colour or shoe size.

Question 15

What is each characteristic controlled by?

Answer 15

Genes

Question 16

Which two cells pass on information from parent to child?

Answer 16

Egg cell and Sperm cell

Question 17

How are dizygotic twins made?

Answer 17

Two different eggs, two different sperms.

Question 18

Which organ system produces the sex cells?

Answer 18

Reproductive system

Question 19

Why do identical twins have the same characteristics?

Answer 19

They come from the same sperm and egg carrying 100% of the same DNA

Question 20

In genetic engineering what are genes cut out from and using what ?

Answer 20

Chromosomes using enzymes

Question 21

What is a gene?

Answer 21

A gene is a set of chemical instructions.

Question 22

What term is used to describe the deliberate mating of two different breeds?

Answer 22

Selective Breeding

Question 23

What causes variation between different breeds of animals?

Answer 23

Differentiation of their genes

Question 24

If identical twins grow up together, would they have the same characteristics ? Why?

Answer 24

It would all depend on the environment as one could eat a lot while the other eat less. one could dye their hair different colour as the other does the same. One could wear different styles of clothing than the other. All in all it depends on the environment.

Question 25

What is the Dominant gene?

Answer 25

The gene that will override the other and decide on the characteristic of the baby.

Question 26

How do identical twins develop different characteristics such as weight and skin colour?

Answer 26

This is because these characteristics are Environmental variation.

Question 27

Why do children have characteristics from both parents?

Answer 27

Because the genes are passed down in both parent's sex cells, the sperm and the egg.

Question 28

Why do identical twins have the same characteristics ?

Answer 28

This is because they have the same genes.

Question 29

Information is passed from parents to their young in ___ cells?

Answer 29

Sex cells

Question 30

Where are genes cut out of in genetic engineering?

Answer 30

Chromosomes

Question 31

What is used to cut genes out of chromosomes?

Answer 31

Enzymes

Question 32

Which two cells pass on information from parents to their children?

Answer 32

Sperm cell and Egg cell

Question 33

How much DNA do non-identical twins share? | How much DNA do identical twins share?

Answer 33

50% DNA | 100% DNA

Question 34

The first step in the biotechnical process is that a special enzyme is cut from the insulin in what?

Answer 34

The cell

Question 35

There are identical twins, their eye colour is the same but their weight is not. Why is this?

Answer 35

This is because our eye colour is not affected by our environment however our weight is ; by how much food you eat or exercise you do etc.

Question 36

What is used to cut out the insulin gene in the process of insulin?

Answer 36

Special Enzyme

Question 37

Where is the insulin gene cut from in the process of insulin?

Answer 37

Chromosomes

Question 38

When is a ring of bacterial DNA cut open for the insulin?

Answer 38

In a separate operation, to getting the insulin gene, using a special enzyme.

Question 39

When the insulin gene and ring of bacterial DNA are combined, what does it form?

Answer 39

New Plasmid Ring

Question 40

Where is the new plasmid ring inserted?

Answer 40

Into a bacterium