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Navigation > Nav 03 / 04 - Direction on the Earth and Magnetism > Flashcards

Nav 03 / 04 - Direction on the Earth and Magnetism Flashcards

1
Q

Review Questions

Define Meridian

A

Semi-great circle joining the poles of the Earth

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2
Q

Review Questions

Define Parallel of Latitude

A

Small circle on the earth whose plane is parallel to the plane of the equator

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3
Q

Review Questions

Define Rhumb Line

A

A regularly curved line on the surface of the earth cutting all meridians at the same angle

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4
Q

Review Questions

What is a NM?

A

Length of arc on the surface of the Earth subtending 1’ at the center of the curvature of the plane

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5
Q

Review Questions

What is a Great Circle?

A

A circle of the surface of the Earth, whose radius and center are that of the sphere itself.

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6
Q

Define Direction

A

The position of one point in space relative to another, without reference to the distance between them

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7
Q

What are the Cardinal points?

A

N S E W

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8
Q

What are the Quadrantal Points?

A

NE, NW, SE, SW

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9
Q

Describe the Sexagesimal system

A

It is the system used in Air Navigation.
Angular distance in Degrees, Minutes and Seconds
60 sec to one minute and 60 minutes to one degree

Expresses both time and direction

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10
Q

Define the following Cardinal directions

East
West
North
South

A

East - The direction which the earth is spinning
West - The direction opposite to East
North - The direction of the North Pole
South - The direction opposite to North

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11
Q

Define True Direction

A

A direction measured with reference to the direction of the geographic North Pole

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12
Q

Define Magnetic Direction

A

A direction measured with reference to the direction of the Magnetic North at the place

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13
Q

What is an Agonic line?

A

A line where all variation is zero

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14
Q

How is the magnetic field around Earth produced?

A

The motions of molten iron in the Earth’s core

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15
Q

The True North and South represent the geographic points for what?

A

Earth’s rotation

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16
Q

The Magnetic Poles are the projection onto the Earth’s surface of what?

A

Earth’s magnetic field

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17
Q

True or false

Both the North and South magnetic poles are stationary

A

False, they both move

18
Q

Will a straight line drawn from one pole to the other pass through the geometric center if the Earth? Why or not?

(Seek more clarification on the wording)

A

No, it will not because the Earth’s magnetic field is not symmetrical.

19
Q

Define Magnetic Meridian

Slide 18 mentions “horizontal component”, the notes under the slide mentions “vertical plane”.

A

The direction of the horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field as a point.
A compass needle will align itself with the MM, pointing to the magnetic North Pole.

20
Q

Define Secular Change

A

Average value changes in Earth’s magnetic field over time, reflecting changes in the Earth’s core. It is unpredictable.

21
Q

Define Local Anomaly

A

May be natural or man-made.

Intensity of anomaly depends on nature of the magnetic material and the height above the material.

22
Q

Define Annual Variation

A

Average monthly values of the magnetic elements are corrected for secular change.

It is found that there is a small systematic change from month to month

23
Q

Define Daily Change

A

There is a small fluctuation of each of the magnetic elements, which repeats itself day after day with some regularity daily. This is known as daily change.

24
Q

Define a Magnetic Storm

A

A solar flares which occurs when a cloud of magnetic fields are released from the sun. The Earth’s magnetic elements are disturbed by the particle emission of the solar flare.
These sun storm disturbances of the magnetic elements are called magnetic storms.

25
Q

Define Soft Iron Megnetism

A

Caused by the magnetism induced into soft material.

Consists of magnetic fields induced solely by the earth’s magnetic field.

Varies with changes in heading and magnetic latitude

26
Q

Define Isogonal

A

A line on the map joining parts of equal variation. Not coincident with the magnetic meridian and therefore does not indicate the direction of the earth’s field at a point.

27
Q

Define Agonic Line

A

A line on a map joining points of zero variation

28
Q

Define Compass Direction

A

Direction measured with respect to compass north.

29
Q

Define Variation

A

The horizontal angle between true north and magnetic north

30
Q

True of false

Variation is considered East or West depending on whether magnetic direction is East or West of true direction

A

True

31
Q

Define Hard Iron Magnetism

A

Best described as the AC’s own magnetic field caused by the magnetism present within an AC’s structure/ onboard systems.

32
Q

What are some characteristics of Hard Iron Magnetism?

A

Remains constant with changes to heading and magnetic latitude

Considered permanent

For our sake, the three components are combined into one deviation

33
Q

What are the different components of Hard Iron Magnetism?

A

Component:
P - parallel to longitudinal axis of the AC
Q - Parallel to the lateral axis of the AC
R - Parallel to the vertical axis of the AC

34
Q

Define Deviation

A

The angular difference between compass north and magnetic north

35
Q

What causes deviation?

A

Magnetic material and electrical disturbances within the AC cause the deviating effects

36
Q

Describe Compass North

A

It is the direction taken by the compass needle

37
Q

Review Questions

Direction may be defined as the position of one point in space relative to another without reference to?

A

Distance between them

38
Q

Review Questions

Direction measured with reference to the aircraft’s fore and aft axis defines

A

Relative direction

39
Q

Review Questions

Magnetic direction is defined as the direction measured with reference to the direction of?

A

Magnetic north at the place

40
Q

Review Questions

The horizontal angle between true north and magnetic north at any place defines?

A

Variation

41
Q

Review Questions

Define Deviation

A

The angular distance between compass heading and magnetic heading

Navigation (20 decks)

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