Navigation

Question 1

How to perform airborne VOR check

Answer 1

Dual receivers method - Tune two VOR receivers to same station and note disparity

Airborne method - fly over a known landmark on a known radial and se if indicated and actual position match

Question 2

What is northerly turning error?

Answer 2

Compass lags turns to the south and leads turns to the north

Question 3

How to calculate rate of decent needed for 3 degree glide path

Answer 3

Ground speed times 5

Question 4

Drift correction formula

Answer 4

300/TAS= #of degrees change for each 5 kts crosswind

Question 5

How to know if VOR station is working

Answer 5

Tune to station frequency and hear morse code ident

Question 6

LO chart scale and altitude covered

Answer 6

Covers up to but not including 18000’ ASL
No standard scale

Question 7

VOR check tolerances

Answer 7

+/- 6 degrees for landmark method
4 degree disparity for dual receiver method

Question 8

Compass acceleration error

Answer 8

on east/west headings shows turn toward north upon acceleration and toward south upon deceleration

Question 9

VOR/GPS receiver CDI increments

Answer 9

VOR: 2 degrees per dot full deflection = 10 degrees
GPS: 1 mile per dot full deflection = 5 miles

Question 10

LO chart projection used

Answer 10

Lambert conformal conic

Question 11

Published radial accuracy tolerance

Answer 11

+/- 3 degrees

Question 12

Aviation communications frequency band

Answer 12

118.0 - 137.0 MHz

Question 13

ADF power output categories

Answer 13

Low = less than 50 watts
Medium = 50 - 2000 watts
High = more than 2000 watts

Question 14

ADF errors

Answer 14

1. Shoreline effect - Radio waves bend as they pass from land to water. most pronounced within a 30 degree angle from parallel with coastline
2. Mountain effect - radio waves bounce off mountains
3. Night effect - Ionosphere becomes refractive at night shooting erroneous waves to receiver. Select station with lower frequency to minimize.
4. Bank error - The two ADF antennae change relative position while aircraft is banked. ADF readings unreliable in a turn.
5. Static interference - ADF is subject to interference from storms, ore deposits.

Question 15

ADF frequency operation range

Answer 15

LF/MF

Question 16

Heavy lined box on VNC meaning

Answer 16

Maned FSS at aerodrome

Question 17

Class F airspace entry requirements

Answer 17

Advisory - May enter with caution
Restricted - must obtain permission from person sited in the DAH

Question 18

Where is a transponder required

Answer 18

Class A,B,C and designated Class D and E airspace

Question 19

Class E control area standard floor

Answer 19

2200’

Question 20

Entry requirements for class D airspace

Answer 20

Establish Radio communication

Question 21

Entry requirements for class C airspace

Answer 21

Obtain ATC clearance
must have transponder

Question 22

class B entry requirements

Answer 22

Obtain ATC clearance
Must have transponder

Question 23

Where is Class B airspace

Answer 23

Resides above all control areas starting at 12500’ up to but not including 18000’ (including airways)

Question 24

LO chart dimensions

Answer 24

No standard scale
Up to but not including 18000’ ASL

Question 25

LO chart amendment frequency

Answer 25

56 days

Question 26

Tango Vs. Lima routes

Answer 26

Tango = Fixed route between two GPS waypoints in controlled airspace Lima = same thing in uncontrolled airspace

Question 27

DME slant range

Answer 27

DME measures distance directly from the station to the transponder, not distance along the ground. DME will read greater distance than actual ground distance. less pronounced at lower altitudes

Question 28

LO chart MEA and MOCA

Answer 28

MEA = Minimum enroute altitude MOCA = Minimum obstacle clearance altitude (denoted by * on chart)

Question 29

LO chart MRA

Answer 29

Minimum Reception Altitude for certain VHF and UHF intersections

Question 30

Aviation Navigation frequency band

Answer 30

108.1 - 117.95 MHz 112.0 - 117.95 MHz in Canada

Question 31

RAAS meaning and indication on chart

Answer 31

Remote Aerodrome Advisory Service. Indicated by thin lined comms box on chart

Question 32

Characteristic of VHF waves

Answer 32

-Subject to line of sight -Subject to some static interference (less so than LF/MF) -Clear communication

Question 33

What to do when experiencing night effect with ADF

Answer 33

Select station with lower frequency

Question 34

Functions of an FIC vs. FSS

Answer 34

FIC = Flight planning, weather FSS = Airport advisory,

Question 35

Latitude is measured from _____

Answer 35

The equator to north/south poles

Question 36

What to do if you get RAIM warning

Answer 36

Stop navigating with GPS and revert to other means

Question 37

At what altitude does class B airspace start

Answer 37

12,501'

Question 38

1 inch on VNC = ___

Answer 38

7 NM

Question 39

One min. of arc on great circle = ______

Answer 39

1 NM

Question 40

Longitude is measured from _______

Answer 40

Prime meridian (0 degrees) east or west to international date line (180 degrees)

Question 41

LO chart airway dimensions VOR and NDB

Answer 41

VOR only - 4 NM wide with 4.5 degree splay. splay starts 50.8 NM away from station NDM involved - 4.34 NM wide with 5 degree splay. splay starts 49.66 NM away from station

Question 42

What is PAL as noted on nav. box

Answer 42

Peripheral station - connects you to radar service

Question 43

What does MOCA guarantee

Answer 43

Obstacle clearance of 1000' above highest obstacle along airway

Question 44

When tracking inbound, set CDI to _____

Answer 44

Inbound track (Center CDI w/ TO indication)