Navigation Flashcards
(159 cards)
1
Q
Flying Altitudes
A
East is Odd, West is Even Odder
2
Q
Magnetic Variation Reminder Phrase
A
East is Least, West is Best
3
Q
WMG
A
Watch - Map - Ground
4
Q
WMG Lost
A
Watch - Ground - Map
5
Q
VOR Frequency Range
A
108.1 - 117.95
6
Q
DME: VHF or UHF
A
UHF
7
Q
Transponder Emergency
A
7700
8
Q
transponder com’s failure
A
7600
9
Q
Transponder 7500
A
Hijacking
10
Q
VHF Range Ratio
A
50NM at 1500AGL
11
Q
NDB Frequencies
A
Low/Med Freq, in kHz (AM)
12
Q
VOR Reception Equation
A
1.23x (or 1.25) √ Height AGL
13
Q
If you can’t hear the VOR morse code…
A
It means the station is unserviceable
14
Q
Only published VOR radials (tracks)…
A
Are calibrated (+/- 3*)
15
Q
One nautical mile is how many feet
A
6,080 feet
16
Q
One statute mile is how many feet
A
5,280 feet
17
Q
Magnetic Compass Lagging Acronym
A
UNOS (Undershoot when turning North, Overshoot when turning South)
18
Q
ANDS
A
Accellerate North, Decellerate South
19
Q
What is the ratio of nautical miles to statute miles?
A
1 NM to 1.15 SM
20
Q
Cruising altitudes Southern Domestic Airspace are based on direction of flight as determined by:
A
Magnetic TRACK, not heading
21
Q
120kts is how many nautical miles a minute
A
two nautical miles a minute
22
Q
If wind is coming from around 45° to your direction of flight, assume it has an x effect on your ground speed.
A
2/3 the wind speed
23
Q
SHP Checkpoint Procedure
A
Trim High Lean
TTT ETA ETA
Trim - Fly Over SHP with Aircraft Trimmed
Set HI
Lean Mixture
Time - Note
Turn - to Flight Heading
Track - Check Visually
ETA - Checkpoint
ETA - Destination
24
Q
Diversions Procedure
A
Circle Circle Line Line Home Distance Time Fuel Talk
Heading
Obstacles
MEF (Max Elevation Figure)
ETO (Estimated Time Onroute)
Distance
Time (ETA)
Fuel (Hours)
Talk (FSS)
25
NOTAMN
NOTAMR
NOTAMJ
NOTAMC
NOTAMN - New change
NOTAMR - Replacement
NOTAMJ - RSC/CRFI NOTA
NOTAMC - Cancellation
26
How many satelites are required for a GPS signal
4
27
VOR
VHF Omnidirectional Rangefinder
108.1 - 117.95 mHz (The VHF band)
Morse code identifiers
28
VOR
29
DME
Distance Measuring Equipment
Operates on the UHF band
30
DME
31
ADF
Automatic Direction Finder
It uses the NDB (kHz / Low Freq)
32
NDB Non Directional Beacon
33
Mode C Transponder vs Mode S
Mode C transmits altitude
Mode S is enhanced, ident is transmitted too
34
Commercial Broadcasting Location
35
What is the HF equivalent to 126.7
(for operating in Northern Canada)
5680 is the HF Frequency for operating in Northern Canada
36
Day, and Night, CARs VFR fuel contingency
30min Day
45min Night
37
What uses UHF?
DME and Military TACAN
38
If a heading of 250°M maintains your outbound track of 242°M, the required heading to maintain the reciprocal track back to your departure point would be:
The purpose of this question is to help you comprehend how wind affects your heading, as you likely know by now that your heading and your track are rarely ever the same due to the effect of wind.
If you got this question incorrect, you can check out video 3.3.5 Calculating Return to Departure for a detailed explanation.
**The correct answer is: 054ºM.**
39
Aerodrome Beacon
40
Hazard Beacon
41
ARCAL
(if no box, non-ARCAL lighting)
42
Restricted Aerodrome
43
(M) beside name of aerodrome
Military Aerodrome
44
True Airspeed is always ____ than Calibrated Airspeed
More!
45
About 120° Radar Triangles
Right = Only receiver is operating
Left = Receiver and Transmitter both non functional
Fly two-minute legs
Higher is better for Radar.
Turn on your lights to assist intercepting rescue craft!
46
Name these three symbols
TACAN
VORTAC
Radio Aid (such as a civ radio station)
47
PAL
Peripheral station
48
(AU)
Approach Unicom
49
What type of chart projection is used for a VNC chart?
**Lambert Conformal Conic Projection
**
The VFR Navigation Charts (VNC Series) and the World Aeronautical Charts (WAC Series) are based on the Lambert Conformal Conic Projections.
Characteristics of Lambert Conformal Conic Projection:
1. Meridians are curves or straight lines converging towards the nearer pole.
2. Parallels of latitude are curves which are concave towards the nearer pole.
3. The scale of distance is practically uniform throughout the entire map sheet.
4. A straight line drawn between 2 points may be assumed to represent an arc of a great circle.
50
What type of chart projection is used for a VTA chart?
**Transverse Mercator Projection.**
Similar to the Mercator Projection of the earth's surface projected onto a cylinder, the Transverse Mercator rotates this type of projection 90º so that it is centred on a line of meridian rather than the equator. This provides a chart that is very accurate at small distances along a line of meridian. Therefore, this type of projection (Transverse Mercator) is used for VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTA Series) with an aspect ratio of 1:250,000 for a very accurate and detailed chart of a terminal area (airport).
51
What is a great circle?
A line that cuts the earth perfectly in half, and represents the shortest distance between two points.
52
When appearing on VNC aerodrome title
Limited hours
53
Hard surface runway
54
Day Landing Distance
55
Mandatory Frequency
56
Aerodrome Frequency
57
Unicom (Private Advisory Station)
58
Common Traffic Frequency
59
Sheltered Mooring Area
60
Hard surface runway (short)
61
Controlled Area Boundary
62
VHF/UHF Airway Centre Line
63
LF/MF Airway Centre Line
64
Air Route Centre Line
65
Military Training Route
66
VFR Route
67
Cumpulsory/on Request Reporting Points
68
Changeover Point
69
Airspace Boundary (Class as indicated)
70
Transponder Mode C required
71
Boundary between controlled areas with different floors. **Floors are 2200ft AGL in Canada and 1200ft AGL in the USA unless otherwise Indicated.** 700ft is AGL.
72
Class B Control Zone
73
Class C or D Control Zone
74
Class E Control Zone
75
Class F Airspace
76
Ultra-Light
77
Training
78
Soaring
79
Heavy-Line Box indicates an FSS (Flight Service Station)
80
Private Air/Ground Station
81
Community Aerodrome Radio Station (Airport Radio)
82
Obstruction(s) 1000ft AGL or higher
83
Obstruction(s) below 1000 AGL
84
Lines of equal magnetic variation
85
Prominent Transmission Lines
86
Cable Span
87
Marine Light White unless annotated.
88
MEF (Maximum Elevation Figure, ASL CHECK). **Add your safety margin on top!**
89
Limit of Territorial Sea
90
Non-Perennial Lake
91
Non-Perennial Stream or Coastline
92
Locks
93
Rocks-bare or awash
94
Swamp or Marsh
95
Land subject to inundation
96
String Bog
97
Rocky Reef (Ledge)
98
Esker
99
Morraine
100
Dykes
101
Sand
102
Cliff or Depression
103
Single Track Railroad
104
Double Track Railroad
105
Abandoned Railroad
106
Spot Elevation **(Based on unreliable data)**
107
Mountain Pass
108
Tunnel
109
Lookout Tower
110
Building
111
Silo
112
Well
113
114
Power Transmission Line
115
Aerial Cableway, Ski Lift, or Similar
116
EVEN Cruising Altitude indicated by pointed end of box
117
Blasting Area (Do not overfly less than 3000 AGL)
118
Hard Surface Runway
119
Under construction, closed, or abandoned surface
119
Sand, gravel, turf, etc. runway
120
Displaced runway threshold
121
Taxiway, apron, or holding bay
122
Obstruction light
123
Landing direction indicator
124
Wind direction indicator
125
Helicopter routes
126
Unidirectional arrestor cable
127
Bidirectional arrester cable
128
Arresting Barrier
129
Trees
130
Fence
131
Noise Sensitive Area
132
Built-up areas
133
Cemetery
134
Instrument Approach Waypoint
135
VFR checkpoint prior to entry of specified class of airspace
136
VFR checkpoint prior to **Control Zone** entry
137
Heliport (Regular)
138
Hospital Heliport
139
FATO (final approach and Takeoff area)
140
Heliport Parking Pad
141
Aerodrome Status Unknown
142
Abandoned Aerodrome
143
Land Aerodrome
144
Obstacle Clearance Circle, notes the height of the highest obstruction **ASL** plus 1000ft.
145
TE (Lighting)
146
AS (Lighting)
147
P1 and P2 (Lighting)
P1 = PAPI for eye-to-wheel height up to 10'
P2 = PAPI for eye-to-wheel height up to 25'
148
White = too high
Red = too low
149
RNAV
Q-Route
T-Route
L-Route
RNAV
Q-Route - High-Level Fixed
T-Route - Low-Level Controlled (extends upward from 2,200 AGL)
L-Route - Low Level UNcontrolled (requiring GNSS RNAV systems)
150
Mountainous Regions Special Rules
Areas 1 and 5
Areas 2,3,4
Areas 1 and 5: 2000ft above highest obstacle within 5NM of aircraft
Areas 2,3,4: 1500ft above the highest obstacle withing 5NM
151
GPS is based on a constellation of how many Satelites orbiting the earth
24
152
1:60 Rule
If a plane's heading is off by 1 degree, after 60 nautical miles (nm) the aircraft will be a mile off-course.
153
Class B airspace is all controlled airspace:
Above 12,500 ASL, up to but not including 18,000
154
Low Level Airway vs. Low Level Air Route
Airway is controlled 2200 AGL - 18000 ASL
Air Route is uncontrolled and extends from the ground.
155
Width of Low Level Airways
Airways based on VORs/VORTACs: 4NM
Airways based on NDBs: 4.34NM
156
Code 1200 for:
Code 1400 for:
1200 AT or BELOW 12,500 ASL
1400 ABOVE 12,500 ASL
*"12s gotta stick together*
157
High Level begins at
Arctic
Northern
Southern
Arctic FL270
Northern FL230
Southern FL180
158
X Country Altitude Sayings
From warm to cold, don't be bold! (colder means your true altitude will be lower than indicated)
High to low, look out below!
(Lower pressure means your true altitude will be lower than indicated)
