navigation marks Flashcards
(26 cards)
what side should the red marker be on when entering a port?
On entering a port or harbour, or travelling
upstream in a river or channel, you should pass
the port (red) mark on your port (left) side and
the starboard (green) mark on your starboard
(right) side.
what side should the red marker be on when exiting a port?
On leaving a port or harbour, or travelling
downstream in a river or channel, you should
pass the port (red) mark on your starboard
(right) side and the starboard (green) mark on
your port (left) side.
continue the rhyme:
Green to green when going upstream
green to red when seas are ahead
what are the IALA buoyage systems 5 marks ‘A’
Lateral
Cardinal
Isolated danger
Safe water
Special
flash
Flash Duration of light shorter
than duration of darkness
Fl
occulating
Occulting Duration of light longer
than duration of darkness
Oc
isophase
Isophase Equal duration of light
and darkness
Iso
quick flash
Quick flash Flash rate of 60 or 50 a
minute
Q
very quick flash
Very quick
flash
Flash rate of 120 or 100
a minute
VQ
long flash
Long flash A flash of not less than 2
seconds
LFI
group flash
Group flash A group of two or more
flashes
Fl(2) or
VQ(9)
port mark
Colour - red.
Shape (buoys) - cylindrical (can), pillar or spar.
Topmark (if any) - single red cylinder (can).
Lights (when fitted) - red. May have any
consistent rhythm listed but not composite
group flashing (eg 2 then 1).
Examples of light rhythms on port lateral marks
are:
Q.R
Fl.R
L Fl.R
Fl (2) R
Continuous quick flash
Single flash
Long flash
Group flash
starbord mark
Colour - green (in exceptional cases, black).
Shape (buoys) - conical (cone), pillar or spar.
Topmark (if any) - single green cone pointing up.
Lights (when fitted) - green. May have any
consistent rhythm listed but not composite
group flashing (eg. 2 then 1).
Examples of light rhythms on starboard lateral
Q.G
Fl.G
L Fl.G
Fl (2) G
Continuous quick flash
Single flash
Long flash
Group flash
north mark
Pass on northern side of mark.
Q(6)+LFl.15s
VQ(6)+LFl.10s
Horizontal black band - top of buoy
Topmark - pointing up12 o’clock on
clockface.
Light - white. Continuous quick or
VQ(3)5s Q(3)10s
very quick flashes.
west mark
Pass on western side of mark.
Horizontal black band - centre
of buoy.
Topmark - pointing inwards.
9 o’clock on clockface.
Light - white.
9 quick or very quick flashes.
south mark
Pass on southern side of mark.
Horizontal black band - bottom
of buoy.
Topmark - pointing down.
Q(9)15s
6 o’clock on clockface.
Light - white. 6 quick or very
VQ(9)10s
quick flashes and 1 long flash.
east mark
Pass on eastern side of mark.
Q(9)15s
Horizontal black band - top
VQ(9)10s
and bottom of buoy.
Topmark - pointing outwards.
Q(6)+LFl.15s
3 o’clock on clockface.
VQ(6)+LFl.10s
Light - white.
3 quick or very quick flashes
Special marks
Colour - yellow.
Shape (buoys) - optional.
Topmark (if fitted) - single yellow ‘X’.
Light (if fitted) - yellow. May use any rhythm
not used for white lights, for example, a single
yellow flash - FlY, or four yellow flashes - Fl(4)
Y4s.
Safe water mark
Safe water marks indicate navigable water all
around. They can be used as a mid-channel,
landfall or centre line buoy
Colour - red and white vertical stripes.
Shape (buoys) - spherical, pillar or spar.
Topmark (if fitted) - red sphere.
Light - white. May use isophase (Iso) or
occulting (Oc) rhythms
Lead marks
Lead marks define the correct course in waters
containing navigational hazards and are often
used to mark approaches to navigational
channels.
Lead marks are made up of two separate
triangular marks
‘Port closed’ or ‘channel blocked’
mark
his signal may be placed on shore, on a
floating buoy, or on a vessel blocking the
channel and is used to indicate where a regular
waterway is no longer passable, whether
temporarily or permanently.
By day shows:
*
Three black shapes (ball, cone
pointing up, ball) in a vertical
line.
Signals on vessels
Daymarks
Daymarks are signals used during the day on a
vessel to indicate its activity. They are used in
all weather conditions; however, when visibility
is restricted the appropriate lights should also
be shown.
The common daymarks for the various vessel
types and operations follow.
Note: for all the following daymarks and
equivalent night navigation lights, each
separate part (cone, ball or lights) must be
set up to be clearly distinguishable, and are
always displayed in a vertical line
Vessels under power with sails
set show:
*
One black cone, point down; forward,
where best seen; this is so that other
vessels can know you’re operating as
a motor boat and apply give way rules
correctly.
Power-driven vessels towing:
If length of tow is more than 200m,
the towing vessel and the vessel
being towed shall both display one
black diamond, where best seen.
By night shows:
Three round lights (red, green,
red) in a vertical line and visible
all-round.
Zone signage
Yellow buoys are used in
South Australian waters
to indicate controls in
restricted areas, often for
slower speeds.
light visibility
Masthead light 225
Sidelight 112.5
Sternlight and/or towing light 135
All-round light (white, red,
yellow or green)
360
Distress signal
Given priority over all other calls.
*
Only to be used when in grave and imminent
danger.
*
Immediate assistance is requested.
*
Should only be sent on the authority of the
person in charge of the vessel.
*
Identified by the word ‘MAYDAY’, spoken
three times.
