Nazi Germany + WW2

Question 1

what public works programmes did hitler start

Answer 1

large projects were financed by the Nazis such as. :
- autobahns from 1933
- 1936 berlin olympics

Question 2

what effect did these public work programmes have?

Answer 2

• created lots of new jobs
• 1939 : unemployment free

Question 3

how else did hitler reduce unemployment

Answer 3

• rearmament
• national labour front

Question 4

national labour front

Answer 4

• men aged 18 to 25 served 6 months
• pay was low, work was long + boring

Question 5

how were workers’ freedoms restricted

Answer 5

• trade unions banned
• couldn’t strike or campaign for better wages
• no. of hours increase by 15%
• serious accidents in factories >

Question 6

schemes to appease workers

Answer 6

• Strength through joy : gave workers rewards ( such as theatre tickets or picnics )
• Beauty of Labour : encouraged factory owners to improve conditions

Question 7

small business

Answer 7

• 20% of small businesses had to close
• rules on opening them tightened
• can’t compete with monopolies of big businesses

Question 8

big businesses

Answer 8

• controlled 70% of production
• boosted profits or rearmament companies
• manager income increase by 50%

Question 9

farmers

Answer 9

• felt more valued as higher reliance on them to grow domestic crops
• prices rose by 20%
• wages rose higher than industry wage
• Hereditary farm law : in debt = safe

Question 10

self sufficiency

Answer 10

• so germany wouldn’t be dependent on imports during WW2
• scientists funded for ersatz
• 1939 : still dependent for 1/3 of raw materials

Question 11

impact of social policies on women

Answer 11

• 3 K’s
• women shouldn’t work and instead stay home
• women should get married and have children
• women should ‘take care’ of appearance

Question 12

shouldn’t work and instead stay home

Answer 12

1933 : banned from pro careers
- Law for Reduction of Employment : financial incentives to stay at home
- employed married women fell from 1933-36
- change of Weimar

Question 13

should be married and have children

Answer 13

• Law for the encouragement of marriage
• mother’s cross

Question 14

take care of their appearance

Answer 14

• traditional clothing
• discouraged women to slim
• oppressed, change from freedom

Question 15

impact on children

Answer 15

• youth groups
• education

Question 16

youth groups

Answer 16

• many children forced : no choice
• hitler youth : physical activities such as shooting,
• league of german maidens : domestic skills, physical
• political indoctrination and prepared them for WW2

Question 17

youth group effects

Answer 17

• children spent more time away from family
• loyalty to state first
• new opportunities
• no choice and lack of freedom
• children of minorities excluded

Question 18

education

Answer 18

• indoctrinate children into believing nazi ideas
• all teachers part of nazi party
• new subjects such as eugenics and racial studies
• 15% PE
• flags, textbook, salute `

Question 19

why was religion a threat to hitler

Answer 19

• contrasting ideas
• 45 mill prot , 22 mill cath

Question 20

what was the concordat?

Answer 20

• 1933
• agreement between hitler and catholic church
• to not get involved with each other

Question 21

how did hitler restrict catholic church

Answer 21

• catholic schools closed
• catholic youth group banned
• 400 priests sent to camps

Question 22

impact of hitler restricting catholic church?

Answer 22

• restricted their influence and involvement
• weren’t powerful
• attendances increased which shows they weren’t brainwashed

Question 23

how did hitler restrict protestant church

Answer 23

• all churches merged to from reich church
• led by muller
• german christians
• nazified protestant churches with flag, mein kampf and aryan

Question 24

racial policy

Answer 24

• aryan was superior race
• race farms were set up
• untermenschen were persecuted

Question 25

untermenschen

Answer 25

- slavs - roma - jews - homosexuals - mentally or physically disabled

Question 26

1933

Answer 26

- day long boycott of jewish business

Question 27

1935

Answer 27

- nuremburg laws stopped jews being german citizens - banned marraige between jews and non-jews

Question 28

1938

Answer 28

- Kristallnacht - riots throughout germany - synoagogues smashed

Question 29

significance of kristallnacht

Answer 29

- turning point in persecution of jews - first widespread act of violence - conditions would get even worse

Question 30

german people living in fear

Answer 30

- government allowed to read people's mail and listen to phone call - judges biased and always made rulings in line with nazi policy - SS and Gestapo would use violence and harsh investigations - german people constantly controlled and monitored

Question 31

german people didn't have freedom

Answer 31

- couldn't do everything that they wanted - could only engage in nazi approved media

Question 32

german propaganda

Answer 32

- simple ideas such as Fuhrer cult - anti semitic messages - patriotic and traditional - media ( radio , posters ) - display

Question 33

opposition to Nazis

Answer 33

- White Rose group, - Swing Youth, - Edelweiss Pirates and - July 1944 bomb plot.

Question 34

ways in which ww2 affected german population

Answer 34

- workforce - rationing - bombing

Question 35

workforce

Answer 35

- after 1939, women were expected to work or join. the army - 1944 : 50% women - children as young as 15 having to join army - change from oppression

Question 36

rationing

Answer 36

- by 1942, civilians living on bread, and potatoes - quality of diet had decreased - led to malnutrition and starvation - decreasing rations, less tha british

Question 37

bombing

Answer 37

- incendiary bombs which caused huge fires. dresden and hamburg - 0.5 million killed, many more homeless - loss of morale - no shelter, growing refugees