NB CH8 Flashcards
Phospholipid
Location
Main fabric of the membrane
Cholesterol
Location
Between phospholipids and between the two phospholipid layers of animal cells
Integral protein
Location
Embedded within the phospholipid layer(s); may or may not penetrate through both layers
Peripheral protein
Location
On the inner or outer surface of the phospholipid bilayer; not embedded within the phospholipids
Carbohydrates (component of glycoproteina and glycolipids)
Location
Generally attached to proteins on the outside membrane layer
Difference between membranes of archaea and bacteria
Archaea have long isoprenoid chains bonded to glycerol through ether linkages
Bacteria have long fatty acid chains bonded to glycerol through ester linkages
Tonicity
Describes how an extracellular solution can change the volume of a cell by affecting osmosis
Osmolarity
Describes the total solute concentration of the solution
A low osmolarity solution has more water molecules relative to solute; a high osmolarity solution has less water molecules relative to solute
Hypotonic
The surrounding water has lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell
Hypertonic
The surrounding water has higher osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell
Isotonic
The surrounding water has the same osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell
Turgor pressure
the pressure exerted by the fluid inside a plant cell against its cell wall
Plasmolysis
When the cell membrane detaches from the cell wall and constricts the cytoplasm, causing plants to lose turgor pressure and wilt
