NBCE Path Flashcards
(132 cards)
1
Q
All of the following are signs that a person has what disease?Huthchinson (notched) teethRhagades (cracks in the edge of mouth)Saddle noseSabre blade tibiaIterstitial keratitis
A
Congenital Syphillis
2
Q
The lung disease Anthracosis has an aka and is found in Miners. What is the aka?
A
Black lung dz
3
Q
This lung disease is sometimes called brown lung? (cotton dust)
A
Byssinosis
4
Q
Fibers from aircraft manufacturing may cause this?
A
Berylliosis
5
Q
Which lung disease is associated with iron dust?
A
Siderosis
6
Q
What disease will lead to mesothelioma later in life?
A
Asbestosis
7
Q
What pulmonary disease is related to silicosis?
A
TB
8
Q
What disease may be more prevalent in sand blasters?
A
Silicosis
9
Q
When pupils don’t react but accommodate?(prostitutes pupil)
A
Argyll Robertson Pupil
10
Q
Tabes dorsalis (slappage gate), aortic aneurysm, Gummas and Argyll Roberston pupil
A
Tertiary syphillis
11
Q
What condition causes a Chancroid?
A
Hemophylus ducrey
12
Q
Green, Frothy, Fishy and Foul smelling discharge are indicative of?
A
Trichomonas/Gardenella
13
Q
If the intestine telescopes onto itself, this is known as?
A
Intussusception
14
Q
Twisting of an organ is known as?
A
Volvulus
15
Q
Pt. x-rays show “Skip lesions” in the terminal illeum but does not have bloody feces?
A
Crohn’s
16
Q
An absence of the myenteric plexus is causitive of a ______? AKA?
A
Congenital Megacolon
Aka: Hirschprungs
17
Q
Bloody stool is an indicator for what condition?
A
Ulcerative colitis
18
Q
Demyelnation in the PNS is known as? It produces a ________ paralysis?
A
Guillen Barre
Ascending Paralysis
19
Q
Pseudohypertrophy of the calf mm. and Is recessive sex linked?This person will crawl up their body in order to stand. This is known as ______ sign?
A
Duchennes
Gowers Sign
20
Q
Long Term Pernicious Anemia (vit. B12 deficiency) can cause this?Aka?
A
PLS (postero-latero-sclerosis
Aka: Combined Systems
21
Q
Demyelination of the CNS? It’s a SIN to have_____?The SIN stands for 1.scanning speech 2. intention tremor 3. nystagmus. This is know as _______ triad?
A
Multiple Sclerosis (M.S.) Charcott’s Triad
22
Q
Herniation of the brain stem through the foramen magnum. Also presents with a meningomyelocele?
A
Arnold Chiari
23
Q
Cog wheel deformity, DOPAMINE problem, Lewy bodies, mask-face, resting tremors and festinating gate?
A
Parkinson’s
24
Q
A deficiency of GABA. What disease?
A
Huntington’s Chorea
25
Opposite of Duchenne’s, this disease affects the tibialis anterior and peroneus mm.?
Charcot Marie Tooth
26
Mothers usually discover this “Salty Baby” syndrome caused by pseudomonas aureginosa? What test is used verify it?
Cystic Fibrosis
| Sweat Test
27
Characterized by HEP (hypertension, edema and MASSIVE proteinuria)? Also, what color is the liver in this case?
Nephrotic Syndrome
| Nutmeg color
28
45XO Karyotype, Webbed neck, Amenorhea?
Turners
29
Trisomy 21, flat hypoplastic face? Palmar crease known as a ________ crease?
Down’s
| Simean Crease
30
What is the karyotype of a person with Kleinfelter’s? Also what are some characteristics?
47XXY
| Testicular atrophy, tall and thin, gynecomastia, sterile and stupid (low IQ)
31
Lack of phenylalanine dehydrogenase. What disease?
PKU
32
Excess buildup of glycogen in the liver due to lack of an enzyme?
Von Gierke’s
33
What is the most common form of mental retardation? (2 X chromos and 1 Y)
Fragile X
34
Cherry red spots on the macula. Increase ganglioside in the brain?
Tay Sach’s
35
What is the m/c benign cardiac tumor?
Myxoma
36
Tumor of striated muscle?
Rhabdomyoma
37
Accumulation of HOMOgentisic acid? (Al the captain is a HOMO)
Alcaptonuria
38
This tumor starts in the GI tract and moves to the ovary?
Krukenberg’s
39
Tumor of the kidney in Children?
Wilm's
40
A tumor infecting all 3 germ layers?
Teratoma
41
Tumor affecting glandular tissue?
Adenoma
42
What type of tumor is associated with warts?
Papilloma
43
Cancer in the testes?
Seminoma
44
Tumor or smooth muscle. Seen in uterus via fibroids?
Leiomyoma
45
Benign tumor of cartilage?
Chondroma
46
A yellowish tumor in connective tissue?
Xanthoma
47
Pre-cancerous, white patchy lesions on the oral mucosa that CANNOT be wiped off are called?
Leukoplakia
48
The lymph nodes that are located at the Left Supraclavicular area and are prone to metastisis from the GI tract?
Virchow’s
49
These WBC’s are increased with viral infection and chronic inflamation?
Lymphocytes
50
These Cells produce heparin, histamine, bradykinin and seratonin? What WBC is the precursor to the above cells?
Mast Cells
| Basophils
51
Which WBC is elevated with bacterial infection and accute inflamation?
Neutrophils
52
Which WBC is elevated in an allergic reaction?
Eosinophils
53
Macrophage’s come from which WBC?
Monocyte
54
Which WBC is elevated with a parasitic invasion?
Eosinophils
55
Monocytes covert to __1__, then these are converted to __2__ which produce a lymphokine to produce __3__ which then make __4__ to make antibodies.
1. Macrophage
2. CD 4 cells
3. B- lymphocytes
4. Plasma cells
56
What pneumonic is used to remember the NK cells?
| hint: natural killer, 3 WBC’s
MEN
| Monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils
57
The thickening, calcification and loss of elasticity in arterial walls is called?
Arteriosclerosis
58
Calcification of the tunica media of medium sized vessels?
Monkenberg’s Sclerosis
59
Hard rope-like arteries in the temporal area that are painful to touch might be indicative of this very serious condition? AKA?
Temporal Arteritis
| Aka: Giant Cell Arteritis
60
It’s a vasospasm of arteries and can occlude vessel causing a “Tri phasic color change” and lead to dry gangrene.
Raynaud’s
61
Localized dilation of an artery?In the circle of willis, this is know as a ____?If it produces a longitudinal tearing of the aorta, it’s a ___?Degeneration of the vertebra causing LBP may be this type?
Aneurysm
Berry Anuerysm
Dissecting Aorta
Abdominal Aorta
62
Pulseless disease is also known as?
Takayasu Arteritis
63
What is the pneumonic for Tetralogy of Fallot?
```
DRIP
Dextro rotation of the aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Intraventricular Septal Defect
Pulmonic Stenosis
```
64
The presence of a Reed Sternberg cell and a Pel Epstein fever that comes and goes may be indicative of?
Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
65
Key words: “Starry Sky, Young African child, Jaw Swelling?
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
66
Decreased IgG, Decrease B cells?
Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia
67
Which Leukemia has the worst prognosis?
AML (acute myeloblastic)
68
Which leukemia is m/c seen in children?
ALL (acute lymphoblastic)
69
Congenital hypoplasia of the Thymus gland causing a T cell deficiency?
Di George’s
70
An increase in RBC’s is called? (can be due to altitude, blood doping, etc.)
Polycythemia
71
Low platelets in the blood?
Thrombocytopenia
72
Which leukemia has a “Philadelphia chromosome”?
CML
| Chronic Myelocytic
73
What substance is thought to be released by damaged cells from injury?
Thromboplastin
74
Which substance convertes Fibrinogen into Fibrin?
Thrombin
75
Gonococcal and Hemophiliatic Arthritis affect which joint?
Knee
76
Ig that lines the respiratory tract? What type of reaction is it seen with?
IgE
| Type I - Anaphylactic
77
Ig that crosses the placenta? Seen in which type of reaction? Is the first seen in a ____ response?
IgG
Type III – Immune
Secondary
78
Key words: detached retina, long fingers?
Marfan’s
79
Chronic R.A with splenomegaly is known as ___ syndrome?
Felty’s
80
Glomerular nephritis may be significant for?
Nephritic Syndrome
81
What is the m/c cause of gall stones?
Cholecystikitis
82
Which Ig antibody is most abundantly circulating in the blood?
IgG
83
What TYPE of collagen fibers make up the IVD?
Type II
84
: Dry eyes (xeropthalmia) and dry mouth (xerostomia)?
Sjogrens
85
: projectile vomitting?
Pyloric Stenosis
86
A lack of Auerbachs plexus causing a megaesophogus is called?
Achalasia
| Aka: esophogeal spasm
87
This type of thyrotoxicosis (hypo) is m/c seen in women under 40 YOA?
Graves
88
The term recanalization refers to a ______?
Thrombus
89
Resting tremors and damage to the substantia nigra are seen in?
Parkinsons
90
Megaloblastic anemia is caused by a _____ deficiency?
```
B-12
If B9 (Folate) is an answer, choose it though!!
```
91
The #2 neoplasia seen in an AIDS pt. is?
Non-Hodgkins.
| #1 is Kaposi’s sarcoma
92
Degenerative diseases that affect the CN Nuclei?
Progressive Bulbar Palsy
93
BP higher in Upper extremities and low in lower extremities, may be a sign of? (normal would be opposite)
Coarctation of the Aorta
94
Fatty liver, Edema and atrophy of the small bowel are characteristic of?
Kwashiorkor
95
Congenital megacolon is associated with which disease?
Hirshprungs
96
Which disease can cause 2ndary orchitis in post pubescent males?
Mumps
97
Hemorrhage in the reticular formation of the brain can lead to what?Hemorrhage in the reticular formation of the brain can lead to what?
Coma
98
A berry aneurysm will cause what type of hemorrhage?
Sub-Arachnoid
99
Damage to the temporal lobe could rupture the middle meningeal artery. This would cause what type of hemorrhage?
Epidural
100
The only place a thrombus may be found in a vein is in which body part? Which veins specifically?
Leg
| Deep Veins
101
What is the most common malignant tumor of the large intestine?
Adenocarcinoma
102
Carcinoma will least likely spread to the _____?
Skeletal Muscle
| Liver, Lung, Bone and Brain are most common
103
Dislocation of the cornea is seen in which diseas?
Wilson's
104
Delayed healing of wounds may be significant for a deficiency of which vitamin?
Zinc
105
M/C deadly cancer in males and females?
Lungs
106
The first site of pathology for osteoarthritis is?
Articular Cartilage
107
An increase in Ach Receptors could cause?
Tetany
108
Loss of braking skills, the lack of ability to stop forward movement of the hand when reaching for something results from blockage of?
Cerebellum
109
Subacute panaencephalitis is a rare sequel to?
Measels
110
The substrate of a fully differentiated cell type to another is known as?
Metaplasia
111
Serum sickness is an example of?
Immune complex
112
What causes hoarseness associated with carcinoma in the apex of the lung?
Laryngeal nerve damage
113
Intercranial calcification occurs M/C in?
Oligiodendroglioma
114
Endemic fungus on eastern seaboard
Blastomyosis
115
Sputum of asthma
Curschmann's spirals
| Charcot Leyden crystals
116
Pulmonary fibrosis
Honeycomb lung
117
Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency
Emphysema
118
Too much aldosterone
Conn's dz
119
Too much cortisol
Cushing's
120
Goiter and pregnant uterus cell types
Hyperplasia
121
PCCE to Stratified squamous in smoker
Metaplasia
122
Complete disorganization of cell
Anaplasia
123
Change in cell size, shape or cell function
Dysplasia
124
Type of collagen in early wound healing
Type 3
125
Adie's pupil
Dialation-Mydriasis d/t CN III EW lesion
126
Triad: Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly
Budd-chiari
127
Mcc of death of children worldwide d/t dehydration from diarrhea
Enteritis
128
Plummer Vinson sx
Iron deficiency anemia
| Esophageal webbing
129
Toxic megacolon
Bloody diarrhea
LLQ
Lead pipe regidity
Ulcerative colitis
130
Worst prognosis brain tumor
Glioblastoma multiform
131
MC children brain tumor
Medulloblastoma
132
Friedreich's ataxia
Spincocerebellar tract lesion
Chromosome 9
Neurofibrillary tangles
