NBCOT Domain 1 Conditions/Disorders Flashcards
- Neurodevelopmental disorder (also called developmental coordination disorder)
- Clumsiness and poor coordination
- Motor planning deficits
- Learning difficulties
- Perceptual deficits (visual and motor)
Developmental Dyspraxia
- Congenital birth defect secondary to gestational exposure to alcohol resulting in mild to severe impairment in one or more of the following areas:
- Physical
- Cognitive
- Social
- Behavioral
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder
- Inability of CNS to regulate vestibular input resulting in overreaction to changes in head position and movement during ordinary activities
- Manifestations may include intense fear or avoidance of:
- Riding on toys
- Heights
- Gross motor activities
Gravitational Insecurity
Defects that INCREASE PULMONARY BLOOD FLOW
- Patent Ductus Arteriosus = MOST COMMON condition found in premature newborns, can lead to heart failure and inadequate oxygenation of the brain
- Atrial Septal Deficits = An opening in the septum between RIGHT and LEFT atrial chambers. (“wet lungs” too much blood sent to the lungs) Can lead to respiratory infection, heart failure. May result in poor exercise tolerance and being small for chronological age
- Ventricular Septal Deficits = one or more openings in the muscular or membranous portions of the ventricular septum. Deficits could result in Eisenmenger’s complex or pulmonary vascular obstruction. Symptoms include feeding difficulties, SOB, increase perspiration, increased respiratory infections, fatigue with increase activity, delayed growth
Deficits that DECREASE pulmonary blood flow include Tetralogy of Fallot. Symptoms include central cyanosis, coagulation defects, clubbing of fingers and toes, feeding difficulties failure to thrive, and dyspnea (labored breathing)
Defects with mixed pulmonary blood flow include Transposition of Great Arteries. Symptoms may include cyanosis, congestive heart failure, and respiratory distress
Congenital Heart Disease
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes C1 - C3
- Ventilator dependent
- Total physical assistance for BADL & IADL
- Able to direct care needs
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes C4
- Initially ventilator dependent; progress to independent breathing with reduce vital capacity
- Total physical assistance for BADL & IADL
- Able to direct care needs
- Power wheelchair with adaptations for independent mobility
- Total assistance for bed mobility and transfers
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes C5
- Independent respiratory function with reduce vital capacity; may need assistance for productive cough
- Total assistance for bowel and bladder management
- Independent self-feeding with adaptive devices
- Assistance for grooming with adaptive devices
- Total assistance for bathing
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes C6
- Independent respiratory function with reduce vital capacity; may need assistance for productive cough
- Minimal to total assistance for bowel and bladder management with adaptive devices
- May need some assistance for basic ADL, transfers, and bed mobility with adaptive devices and outdoor wheelchair propulsion in manual wheelchair
- Total assistance for standing
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes C7 - T1
- Independent respiratory function
- Assistance for bowel management
- Modified independence for BADL
- Some assistance for standing
- Modified independence for bed and mobility transfers
- Independent driving with modifications
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes T2 - T12
- Independent to modified independence for BADL
- Modified independence for bowel and bladder management
- Modified independence for bed mobility, transfers, and standing
- Independent wheelchair mobility
Spinal cord injury expected functional outcomes L1-L5
- Independent in ADL and bed mobility
- Ambulate with assistive devices
- May use wheelchair for distance, independent with loading and unloading from the vehicle
- Independent driving with hand controls
Characteristics of Superficial burns
- Referred to as first-degree burn
- Associated with mild sunburn or short exposure to heat source, chemical, or hot liquid
- Damage only to epidermis
- Dry, superficial redness, blister free
- Reports of mild to moderate discomfort
- No risk of scar formation or contracture
Characteristics of Superficial Partial Thickness burns
- Associated with severe sunburn, lengthy exposure to a heat source
- Damage to upper dermis and epidermis
- Blistering and redness
- Reports of significant discomfort
- Low risk of hypertrophic scar formation
Characteristics of Deep Partial-Thickness burns
- Associated with direct contact or lengthy exposure to a heat source
- Complete destruction of epidermis and most of dermis
- Redness and large blisters
- High risk of hypertrophic scar or contracture
Characteristics of Full Thickness burns
- Associated with damage to nerve endings, dermis, and epidermis
- Pale in appearance
- Decrease tactile sensation
- High risk of hypertrophic scar or contracture
- May require surgery to promote wound healing
