NCLEX 2 Flashcards
(50 cards)
preeclampsia triad?
proteinuria, rising BP, and edema
(increased BP, wt gain, puffy face, pedal edema)
Cushing’s syndrome?
thin hair
moon face
increased facial hair
red cheeks and acne
wt gian
pendulous abd
stretch marks
thin skin
buffalo humo
increased neck fat
easy bruise
CNS instability
fluid retention
osteoporosis
thin extremities
slow heal
What labs are drawn for Heparin and Warfarin?
Heparin = PTT
Warfarin = PT
Asthma triggers?
allergens
sports, smoking
temp changes
hazards
microbes
anxiety
VEAL CHOP?
V = variable decels –> Cord compression
E = early decels –> head compression
A = accels –> OKAY!
L = late decels –> placental insufficiency
heart failure tx?
upright position
nitrates
lasix
O2
ACEs
Digoxin
decreased fluids
decrease afterload
decrease Na+
test: dig level, ABG, and K+
hypoglycemia S/S?
sleepy, sweating, pallor, hunger, lack of coordination, and irritable
Insulin types w/ onset, peak, duration?
Rapid acting (aspart), onset 15 M, peak 1-3 H, duration 3-5 H
Rapid acting (lispro), onset 15 M, peak 30-90 M, duration 5 H
Short acting (regular), onset 30 M, peak 2-4 H, duration 5-12 H
Intermediate acting (NPH), onset 1-4 H, peak 4-12 H, duration 10-24+ H
Long acting (glargine), onset 2-4, peak none, duration 24 H
Opioid SE?
miosis (pupil constriction), mood changes
out of it
resp depression, decreased salivation
pruritus, pneumonia (aspiration)
hypotension, HA
infreq. elimination (constipation, urine retention)
nausea, nervous
emesis
Adrenal crisis?
emergency, severe dehydrations, hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia; triggered by sudden cessation of corticosteroids or Addisons that is unresponsive to the need for additional steroids bc of stressful event
priority treat – IV hydrocortisone (admin with NS or D5W)
HbA1C?
7.5% (DMT2)
5.7-6.4% (preDM)
6.5% (DM DX)
<7% treatment goal for DM
intervening b4 a person has a health problem
edu, immunizations, and modify risky behavior
primary prevention
early ID of the disease and early intervention
screening, health fairs, reg BP check, referral to specialist
secondary prevention
treat the disease and prevent further complications
nutritional edu for chronic illness, outpatient therapy, support groups
tertiary prevention
CPR compression rate?
100-120/M, pulse assess no more than 10 seconds
infant pulse = brachial
child and adult pulse = carotid artery
primitive protection motor reflex, slight drop, sudden movement, or loud noise
moro reflex
Immunizations?
Hep B (birth, 1-2 mos, 6-18 mos)
rotavirus (2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos)
DTap (2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos, 15-18 mos, 4-6 yo)
HIB (2 mos, 4 mos, 6 mos, 12-15 mos)
polio (2 mos, 4 mos, 6-18 mos, 4-6 yo)
MMR (12-15 mos, 4-6 yo)
Varicella (12-15 mos, 4-6 yo)
flu (starts at 6 mos)
lung collapsed due to collection of fluid in the pleural space
pleural effusion
lung collapsed due to collection of blood in the pleural space
hemothorax
lung collapsed due to collection of air in the pleural space
pneumothorax
pneumothorax comp., opening of the pleural space creates a 1 way valve, air collects in lungs and cannot escape (increased pressure)
tension pneumothorax
less blood pumped out of ventricles, left = fluid to lungs, S3 gallop
Systolic heart failure
less blood fills up in the ventricles, right = fluid into body, S4 gallop
Diastolic heart failure
Heart unable to pump adeq. O2 rich blood through body, result in poor perfusion of tissues and organs
heart failure
primary goal = maintain heart output
secondary goal = decrease venous pressure to decrease edema
avoid NSAIDS and CCB (can exacerbate heart failure)
