NCLEX PHARMACOLOGY

Question 1

Name some common loop diuretics (these dump potassium, watch K levels.) (4)

Answer 1

furosemide
torsemide
bumetanide

Question 2

Name POTASSIUM SPARING diuretic (1)

Answer 2

spironolactone

Question 3

Beta blockers suffix

Answer 3

__olol

Question 4

ARB suffix

Answer 4

__sartan

Question 5

ACE suffix

Answer 5

__pril

Question 6

PPI suffix

Answer 6

__prazole

Question 7

What is a PPI?

Answer 7

Proton pump inhibitor, decreases stomach acid, most pts are on to prevent GI bleeding and relieve GERD from increased PO med consumption

Question 8

Aminoglycoside suffix

Answer 8

__mycin.. but not THROMYCIN.

Question 9

What are heavy duty antibiotics? (umbrella term)

Answer 9

aminoglycosides

Question 10

What are the best antibiotics for otitis media, sinusitis, strep?

Answer 10

___thromycins.

• erythromycin
• azithromycin
• clarithromycin

Question 11

Indication for PO aminoglycoside? name the 2

Answer 11

sterilize the bowel

• neomycin
• kanamycin

Question 12

Indication for IM/IV aminoglycoside?

Answer 12

severe infections

Question 13

When do you draw trough of a medication?

Answer 13

30 mins before

Question 14

TYPES OF ANTIBIOTICS

Answer 14

• penicillins (___cillin)
• cephalosporins (cef, ceph___)
• tetracyclines (__cycline)
• macrolides (__thromycin)

Question 15

clopidegrel

Answer 15

antiplatelet medication

- for those at risk of heart disease and stroke

Question 16

What antihypertensives are UNSAFE for pregnancy?

Answer 16

ARBs and ACEIs

Question 17

Common side effects of ACEIs (2)

Answer 17

• cough

- orthostatic hypotension (be careful rising from laying down)

Question 18

thiazide diuretic?

Answer 18

hydrochlorothiazide

Question 19

gram negative bacteria is ____ to treat. pink/purple?

Answer 19

HARDER, pink

Question 20

gram positive bacteria is ____ to treat. pink/purple?

Answer 20

EASIER, purple

Question 21

What are the greatest risk factors for respiratory depression when receiving opioids for pain control? (6)

Answer 21

• old age
• surgery within 24hrs
• obesity
• snoring
• pulmonary disease
• > 20yr smoking history

Question 22

What is an expected side effect of opioid mediation?

Answer 22

nausea and vomiting

Question 23

A client is worried about N/V while taking morphine. What is important for the nurse to share with them?

Answer 23

Tolerance develops quickly with morphine (opioids) and persistent nausea is rare.

Question 24

NSAIDs are associated with what side effects?

Answer 24

GI toxicity - back tarry stool
Kidney injury
HTN/HF
Bleeding risk

Question 25

If a medication is high GI toxicity risk or irritating to stomach, what should the nurse recommend the patient to do?

Answer 25

take the medicine with food

Question 26

What time after administration is an opioids peak effect?

Answer 26

15-30mins after administration

Question 27

A patient is receiving IV dilaudid every 3-4 hours for pain relief. What intervention should the nurse implement?

Answer 27

Assess sedation level 15-30mins after administration of opioid.

Question 28

What is the 1st sign of aspirin toxicity?

Answer 28

tinnitus

Question 29

The effects of narcan/naloxone start to wane at ____ minutes after administered and total duration is approx ___ mins.

Answer 29

20-40mins | - duration = 90mins

Question 30

A client on a PCA is still having a lot of pain even though they are pushing the button. What is the next action from the nurse?

Answer 30

perform thorough pain assessment

Question 31

Senna PO works within __hrs.

Answer 31

12

Question 32

Senna is a _____ laxative.

Answer 32

stimulant

Question 33

tylenol is an NSAID?

Answer 33

no, idiot.. reduces fever and has a different MOA for pain relief (analgesic + antipyretic)

Question 34

list some NSAIDS (4)

Answer 34

naproxen aspirin ibuprofen ketorolac/toradol

Question 35

PT/INR are decreased when on ___ therapy.

Answer 35

warfarin/coumadin

Question 36

When on LMWH therapy, it is important to assess ___ for ___.

Answer 36

CBC assessment for thrombocytopenia and to monitor for hidden bleeding.

Question 37

When you are on MAOIs for treatment of depression, you are at higher risk of what?

Answer 37

hypertensive crisis d/t increase in norepinephrine

Question 38

MAOIs work by___

Answer 38

deactivating the enzyme that breaks down NE, serotonin, and dopamine

Question 39

Lithium is metabolized by the ___ and should not be given if the patient has the following:

Answer 39

kidneys - dehydrated - kidney disease