NCLEX Reveiw Flashcards
(116 cards)
1
Q
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
A
Physiologic Safety Love and Belonging Esteem Self-actualization
2
Q
Nursing Process
A
Assessment Diagnosis (Analysis) Planning Implementation Evaluation
3
Q
ABCs
A
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
4
Q
Normal Hgb for male and female
A
Male: 14-18
Female: 12-16
5
Q
Normal Hct for male and female
A
Male: 42-52
Female: 37-47
6
Q
Normal RBCs for male and female
A
Male: 4.7-6.1 million
Female: 4.2-5.4 million
7
Q
Normal WBCs
A
4.5-11 k
8
Q
Platelets
A
150-400 k
9
Q
Monitor PT when taking which medication?
A
Coumadin/Warfarin
10
Q
Normal PT (Prothrombin Time)
A
11-12.5 sec
11
Q
Monitor PTT when taking which medication?
A
Heparin
12
Q
Normal PTT (Partial Thromboplastin Time)
A
60-70 sec
13
Q
Normal BUN
A
10-20
14
Q
Creatinine
A
0.5-1.2
15
Q
Glucose
A
70-100
16
Q
Cholesterol
A
< 200
17
Q
Bilirubin in Newborn
A
1-12
18
Q
Phenylalanine in Newborn and Adult
A
Newborn: < 2
Adult: < 6
19
Q
Na
A
135-145
20
Q
K
A
3.5-5.5
21
Q
Hypokalemia
A
Less than 3.5, Prominent U waves, Depressed ST segment, Flat T waves
22
Q
Hyperkalemia
A
Greater than 5.5, Tall T waves, Prolonged PR interval, wide QRS
23
Q
Ca
A
8-10.5
24
Q
Hypocalcemia
A
Less than 8, Muscle spasms, convulsions, cramps/tetany, (+) Trousseau’s/Chvostek’s, prolonged ST interval, prolonged QT segment
25
Mg
1.5-2.5
26
Cl
96-106
27
Phosphorus
3-4.5
28
Albumin
3.5-5
29
Specific Gravity
1.005-1.030
30
Dilantin
10-20
31
Lithium
0.5-1.5
32
```
ABGs
CO2
HCO3
O2
O2 Sat
```
CO2: 35-45
HCO3: 22-26
O2: 80-60
O2 Sat: 95-100%
33
Digoxin antidote
Digiband
34
Coumadin
Vitamin K (Keep PT and INR at 1-1.5 x normal)
35
Heparin
Protamine Sulfate
36
Opiates
Narcan (Naloxone)
37
Cholinergic Meds
Atropine
38
Methotrexate
Leucovorin
39
Universal (Standard) Precautions
HIV initiated
Wash hands, wear gloves, gowns for splashes, masks/eye protection, don't recap needles, mouthpiece/Ambu-bag for resuscitation, refrain from giving care if you have skin lesion
40
Droplet (Respiratory) Precautions
Wear mask
Sepsis, scarlet fever, strep, 5th disease, pertussis, pneumonia, Diphtheria, epiglottitis, rubella, rubeola, meningitis, mycoplasma, adenovirus, rhinovirus, RSV, TB
41
Rifampin
For treatment of TB Rust/orange/red urine and body fluids
42
Pyridium
For treatment of bladder infection
| Orange/red/pink urine
43
Glasgow Coma Scale
< 8 = coma
44
Myesthenia Gravis
Neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and rapid fatigue of any muscles under voluntary control. Antibodies bind to ACh receptors and prevent muscle contraction.
45
Myesthenic Crisis
Weakness with change in vitals
| *Give more medication
46
Cholinergic Crisis
Weakness with no change in vitals
| *Reduce medications
47
Diabetic Coma vs. Insulin Shock
Give glucose FIRST, if no help, give insulin
48
Fruity breath
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
49
Acid/Base Balance: Diarrhea
Acidosis
50
Acid/Base Balance: Vomiting
Alkalosis
51
Skin tastes salty
Cystic Fibrosis
52
Contraindications with Liptor or Statin meds
No grapefruit juice
53
When would you hold Digoxin?
HR < 60
54
Stay in bed for 3 hours after first ACE inhibitor dose
.
55
With Ca Channel Blockers, avoid what juice
Grapefruit juice
56
Prevention of Pulmonary air embolism
Trendelenburg + On left side
57
Primary concern with Head Trauma and Seizures
Maintain Airway
58
Discomfort relief between Peptic Ulcer and Gastric Ulcer
Feed a duodenal ulcer (pain relieved from food)
| Starve a gastric ulcer
59
Observations for Acute Pancreatitis
Bluish discoloration of flanks (Turner's Sign), Bluish discoloration of pericumbelical region (Cullen's Sign), Board like abdomen with guarding.
Self digestion of pancreas by trypsin
60
If food residual is greater than 100mL
Hold tube feeding
61
Gullian-Barre Syndrome
Weakness progresses from legs upward - Respiratory Arrest
62
Trough draw
~ 30 min before scheduled administration
63
Peak draw
30-60 min after drug administration
64
MAOIs caution with food that contain....?
Tyramine = hypertensive crisis
65
MAOIs medications
Nardil, Marplan, Parnate
66
Phenothiazines common s/e
EPS, Photosensitivity
67
Atypical Antipsychotics
Work on (+)/(-) symptoms and have less EPS
68
Benzodiazepines are used for
Alcohol withdrawal and Status Epilepticus
69
Alcohol deterrence
Antabuse, avoid anything/everything with alcohol
70
S/S of Alcohol withdrawal
Depression, fatigue, anxiety, disturbed sleep
71
Hypoventilation
Acidosis
| Too much CO2 retained
72
Hyperventilation
Alkalosis
| Too much CO2 blown
73
Opiate overdose sign
Pinpoint Pupils
74
Cholelithiasis
Kidney stone
75
Flank Pain
Stone in kidney or upper ureter/bladder
76
With renal failure, restrict what intake?
Protein
77
Hyperkalemia observations
Dizzy, weak, nausea, cramps, arrhythmias
78
Pre-renal problem
Interference with renal perfusion
79
Intra-renal problem
Damage to renal parenchyma
80
Post-renal problem
Obstruction in UT anywhere from tubules to urethral meatus
81
3 Phases of Renal Failure
Oligouric, Diuretic, Recovery
82
Cushing's Syndrome
Moon face, hyperglycemia, acne, hirsutisim, buffalo hump, mood swings, weight gain.
Adrenal suppression, delayed growth in kids
83
Addison's Crisis
Medical emergency
Vascular collapse, hypoglycemia, tachycardia
Administer IV glucose + corticosteroids
84
Aldactone (Spironolactone)
K+ sparing diuretic
85
Aldactone and ACE inhibitor
Monitor for hyperkalemia
86
MI tx
Nitro
| No digoxin, BB, or atropine
87
When are you able to resume sex after an MI?
When able to climb 2 slights of stairs without exertion
88
TB tx and cautions
Multidrug regimen for 9 months.
Rifampin reduces effectiveness of OCs and turns pee orange
Isoniazide (INH) increases Dilantin blood levels
89
Early signs of cerebral hypoxia
Restlessness and Irritability
90
Hypoglycemia
Confusion, HA, irritable, nausea, swelling, tremors, hunger, slurring
91
Hyperglycemia
weakness, syncope, polydipsia, polyuria, blurred vision, fruity breath
92
What type of isolation precaution
| HIV
Standard
93
What type of isolation precaution
| Multidrug-resistant (MRSA)
Standard/Contact
94
What type of isolation precaution
| Candidiasis (Thrush)
Standard
95
```
What type of isolation precaution
Varicella Zoster (Chicken Pox)
```
Airborne and contact
96
What type of isolation precaution
| Clostridium Difficile Enterocolitis (C.Diff)
Contact
97
```
What type of isolation precaution
Infectious Mononucleosis (Mono)
```
Standard
98
What type of isolation precaution
| Rubella
Droplet
99
What type of isolation precaution
| Meningococcal Meningitis
Droplet for 24 hrs
100
What type of isolation precaution
| Impetigo
Contact for 24 hrs
101
What type of isolation precaution
| Seasonal Influenza
Droplet
102
What type of isolation precaution
| Rubeola (Measles)
Airborne
103
What type of isolation precautions
| Tuberculosis (TB)
Airborne
104
```
What type of isolation precautions
Infectious Parotitis (Mumps)
```
Droplet for 9 days
105
What type of isolation precaution
| Rotavirus
Contact
106
What type of isolation precaution
| Pertussis (Whooping Cough)
Droplet
107
What type of isolation precaution
| Tetanus
Standard- not transmitted person to person
108
What type of isolation precaution
| E. coli
Standard- contact for diapered incontinent persons
109
```
What type of isolation precaution
Herpes zoster (Shingles) Localized
```
Standard- localized
110
```
What type of isolation precaution
Herpes zoster (Shingles) Disseminated disease
```
Airborne and contact
111
What type of isolation precaution
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)
Contact
112
What type of isolation precaution
| Lice (head)
Contact- isolation up to 24 hrs
113
What type of isolation precaution
| Lyme disease
Standard- not transmitted person to person
114
Early sign and symptom of hypoxia think...
Restless and tachycardia
115
What is the desired urine output for an adult and child? Think mL/kg
Adult: 0.5mL/kg
Child: 1mL/kg
116
Minimum urine output per hour?
30 mL/hr
