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NCM 110 MIDTERMS Flashcards

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1
Q

The study of algorithms for solving computation problems (Saba et al., 2015)

A

computer science

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2
Q

The fundamental elements of cognition (Gudea, 2015).

A

data

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3
Q

refers to a system designed to manage healthcare data which includes systems that collect, store, manage and transmit a patient’s electronic medical record (EMR); a hospital’s operational management or a system supporting healthcare policy decisions (Brook, 2020).

A

Health Information System (HIS)

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4
Q

the use of information technology (IT) in healthcare.

A

informatics

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5
Q

Refers to data that are processed using knowledge; data that are interpreted, organized or structured

A

information

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6
Q

An interdisciplinary field primarily concerned with the analysis, collection, classification, manipulation, storage, retrieval, movement, dissemination and use of information.

A

information science

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7
Q

Information that has been synthesized so that relationship

A

knowledge

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8
Q

The specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information management and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice (ANA, 2015).

A field of nursing that incorporates nursing, computer, and information sciences to maintain and develop medical data and systems to support the practice of nursing, and to improve patient care outcomes.

A

nursing informatics

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9
Q

The development of theories and practical concepts for improving how clinicians and patients administer care and manage conditions. It merges the worlds of natural, applied, and human science into a multi-dimensional lens that explores new and better ways to deliver health services.

A

nursing science

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10
Q

The appropriate and ethical use of knowledge to manage human problems (Saba et al., 2015)

A

wisdom

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11
Q

M1L2: Focuses on the gathering, manipulation, classification, storage and retrieval of recorded knowledge.

It tries to understand problems from the perspective of the stakeholders and applies information and technology to solve problems.

A

information science

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12
Q

M1L2: What are the 7 aspects of nursing informatics?

A
  1. Provision and documentation of patient care
  2. Education of health care providers
  3. Scientific research
  4. Administration of health care delivery services
  5. Reimbursement for patient care
  6. Legal and ethical implications
  7. Safety and quality issues
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13
Q

M1L2: credited as one of the 1st statistician to collect data and use data to change the way care was delivered to the patient.

A

Florence Nightingale

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14
Q

M1L2: approached IBM to explore use of computers in health care

A

Harriet Werley

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15
Q

M1L3: developed by Patricia Schwirian in 1986

A

Schwirian’s model

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16
Q

M1L3: a model intended to stimulate and guide systematic research in nursing informatics.

A

Schwirian’s model

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17
Q

M1L3: a model that provides a framework that enables identification of significant needs that can foster research.

A

Schwirian’s model

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18
Q

M1L3: Who developed the foundation of knowledge model?

A

Dee McGonigle and Kathleen Garver Mastrian

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19
Q

M1L3: A model that proposes that humans are organic information systems constantly acquiring, processing, and generating information or knowledge in both their professional and personal lives

A

Foundation of Knowledge Model

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20
Q

M1L3: the 4 aspects of knowledge in the foundation of knowledge model?

A

KA – knowledge acquisition
KP – knowledge dissemination
KG – knowledge generation
KP – knowledge processing

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21
Q

M1L3: Who developed Turley’s Model?

A

James Turley

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22
Q

M1L3: In this model, nursing informatics is the intersection between the discipline-specific science (nursing) and the area of informatics.

A

Turley’s Model

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23
Q

M1L3: what are the 3 core components of informatics according to Turley’s Model?

A

1.Cognitive science
2.Information science
3.Computer science

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24
Q

M1L3: Who originally proposed Benner’s Level of Expertise Model?

A

Hubert Dreyfus

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25
Q

M1L3: Every nurse must be able to continuously exhibit the capability to acquire skills.

A

Benner’s Level of Expertise Model

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26
Q

M1L3: Refers to Individuals with no experience of situations and related content in those situations where they are expected to perform tasks.

A

Novice

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27
Q

M1L3: Persons who demonstrates acceptable performance having built on lessons learned in their expanding experience base; needs supervision

A

Advanced Beginner

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28
Q

M1L3: Persons who exhibit enhanced mastery and the ability to cope with and manage many contingencies

A

Competent

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29
Q

M1L3:
Person who have undergone evolution through continuous practice of skills, combined with professional experience and knowledge
Appreciates standards of practice as they apply in nursing informatics.

A

Proficient

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30
Q

M1L3: Individual with mastery of the concept and capacity to intuitively understand the situation and immediate target the problem with minimal effort or problem solving.

A

Expert

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31
Q

M1L3: Nursing informatics as the linear progression - from data into information and knowledge

A

Graves and Corcoran’s Model

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32
Q

M1L3: Who were the two persons to develop the G&C Model?

A

developed by Dr. Judith Graves and Dr. Sheila Corcoran in 1989

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33
Q

M1L3:
- relates to the properties of a system as a whole
- focuses on the organization and interdependence of relationships within a system

A

General System Theory

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34
Q

M1L3:
- focuses on the internal mental processes which includes insight, information processing, memory and perception.
- based on the idea that people mentally process information they received rather than simply responding to an external stimuli.

A

Cognitive Learning Theory

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35
Q

M1L3: It is illustrated through the practice of nursing grounded in the harmonious coexistence between technology and caring in nursing.

A

Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing

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36
Q

M1L3: Technology brings the patient closer to the nurse. Conversely, technology can also increase the gap between the nurse and the one being nursed.

A

Theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing

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37
Q

M1L3: The DIKW Model originated from who?

A

T.S. Eliot

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38
Q

M1L3: Data, information, knowledge, and wisdom are considered overarching concepts (metastructures) supporting all of nursing and informatics practice

A

DIKW Framework/Model/Pyramid

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39
Q

M1L4: How many standards of practice for NI are there?

A

16 standards

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40
Q

M1L4: Provides framework for practice and set of competencies to serve as indicators or evidences to compliance to the standards.

A

Standards of Practice for Nursing Informatics

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41
Q

M1L4: What are the 2 components of the Standards of Practice for Nursing Informatics

A

1) Standards of Practice for NI (6 standards)
2) Standards of Professional Performance for NI (10 standards)

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42
Q

M1L4: The nurse informaticist (NI) collects comprehensive data and information relevant to the patient care. The NI uses workflow analysis to examine current practice and potential impact of an informatic solution on the workflow.

A

Assessment

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43
Q

M1L4: The NI analyzes and validates the data collected during assessment to identify problems, diagnosis and opportunities for improvement.

A

Diagnosis, Problems and Issues Identification

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44
Q

M1L4: The NI identifies expected outcomes (goals and objectives) for a plan. Documents outcomes as measurable goals.

A

Outcomes Identification

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45
Q

M1L4: The NI develops the plan in collaboration with other HCWs which will include strategies, alternatives and recommendation.

A

Planning

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46
Q

M1L4: The NI uses specific evidence-based actions and processes to resolve diagnosis, problems or issues. Coordination of activities, implementing informatic solutions and conducts consultation to monitor the implementation of the plan.

A

Implementation

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47
Q

M1L4: The NI evaluates progress towards achievement of outcomes and employs systematic evaluation of outcome.

A

Evaluation

48
Q

M1L4: The NI observes and applies ethical principles in the practice of nursing.

A

Ethics

49
Q

M1L4: The NI addresses the need for education, attains knowledge and competence need for nursing practice.

A

Education

50
Q

M1L4: The NI integrates evidence and research into practice and demonstrates application and integration of evidence -base and research into practice.

A

Evidence-based Practice and Research

51
Q

M1L4: The NI contributes to the quality and effectiveness of practice in nursing and informatics.

A

Quality of Practice

52
Q

M1L4: The NI communicates effectively by using a variety of methods.

A

Communication

53
Q

M1L4: The NI demonstrates leadership skills in professional practice which includes mentoring and problem solving.

A

Leadership

54
Q

M1L4: The Ni collaborates with the health consumer in the practice of nursing and nursing informatics.

A

Collaboration

55
Q

M1L4:

A
56
Q

M1L4: The NI performs self-evaluation and is able to identify areas of strength and need improvement.

A

Professional Practice Evaluation

57
Q

M1L4: The NI uses appropriate resources in the practice of nursing. Facilitate modification of practice as the profession and technology evolve.

A

Resource Utilization

58
Q

M1L4: The NI supports nursing practice in a safe and healthy environment. Support healthy communities.

A

Environmental Health

59
Q

M2L1:
- refers to the data related to a person’s medical history.
- These valuable data include patient’s diagnoses, procedures or surgeries a patient has undergone, a physician’s clinical notes, or lab results recorded by a health technician.

A

Health Information

60
Q

M2L1:
- defined as hardware, software, integrated technologies or related licenses, intellectual property, upgrades or packaged solutions sold as services that are designed for or support the use by healthcare entities or patients for the electronic creation, maintenance, access or exchange of health information. (HITECH Act, 2009).

  • the area of healthcare that oversees the technology systems healthcare providers use to manage patient data (Brooks, 2019).
  • refers to the electronic systems health care providers and patients use to store, share and analyze information (ONC, n.d.)
A

Health Information Technology (HIT)

61
Q

M2L1:

  • sought to change the situation by providing each person in the United States with an Electronic Health Record (EHR)
  • a nationwide HIT infrastructure be developed so that access to a person’s EHR will be readily available to every healthcare provider who treats the patient
A

Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act of 2009

62
Q

M2L1: - incorporates the data that go into the systems; also analyzes and protects the data (AHIMGA)

A

Health Information Management (HIM)

63
Q

M2L1: What are the 4 basic functions of HM?

A

1) Health information management
2) Coding and revenue cycle management
3) Informatics
4) Information governance

64
Q

M2L1: HIM: encompasses coding and revenue cycle, informatics, data analytics, and information governance.

A

Health information management

65
Q

M2L1: HIM: includes assigning diagnostic and procedural codes for billing to managing the revenue flow from the patient registration to final discharge.

A

Coding and revenue cycle management

66
Q

M2L1: HIM: oversees the technology aspects of managing health information, whereas data analytics manages the integrity of data through mapping and quality improvement processes.

A

Informatics

67
Q

M2L1: HIM: focuses on HIM operations and compliance and ensures protection of protected health information (PHI)

A

Information governance

68
Q

M2L1: What are the benefits of HIT?

A
  1. Increased Patient Safety
  2. Efficient Care Coordination
  3. Enhanced Performance Analysis
  4. Increased Patient Information Accessibility
  5. Reduced Operational Costs
69
Q

M2L1: HIT BENEFITS

  • store, display and integrate patient information such as lab results, medical imaging which can be retrieved for reference
  • perform program security checks that could alert medical personnel of adverse effects the patient might experience on a certain medication before it is prescribed
  • promotes availability of information needed for decision-making
A

Increased Patient Safety

70
Q

M2L1: HIT BENEFITS

  • Information technology systems allow multiple medical professionals simultaneously involved in a patient’s care to record, disseminate, and share information system
  • Allows health staff to document and share every facet of a patient’s treatment and data. which can result to a more seamless experience for caretaker and patient alike.
A

Efficient Care Coordination

71
Q

M2L1: HIT BENEFITS

  • Staff performance, patient care and stability, and institution efficiency could be tracked
  • Compute staffing decisions based on individual skillsets
  • Allow treatment decisions to be made proactively based on past performance data
  • Patients could submit feedback anonymously regarding their level of care
  • Accrediting bodies could utilize performance metrics to evaluate the institution
A

Enhanced Performance Analysis

72
Q

M2L1: HIT BENEFITS

  • Allow instant access to patient records to any member of the health team
  • Provides access to patient files allowing patients to be more involved in their care.
  • Patients appear to become more engaged in their care (Rozembaum and Bates 2013) through information available on the internet.
A

Increased Patient Information Accessibility

73
Q

M2L1: HIT BENEFITS

  • Allocate resources and save significant amounts of money, energy, time, and supplies
  • Arrange medical personnel to best serve patients
  • Allow better management of supplies

-Inventory can easily be done

A

Reduced Operational Costs

74
Q

M2L1:

  • created in 2004
  • to collaborate with nursing stakeholders to create a vision, action, and strategies to improve nursing education, practice, and patient care delivery through the use of health information technology
  • defined the competencies recommended for the NI discipline
A

Technology Informatics Guiding Education Reform (TIGER) Initiative

75
Q

M2L1: The three competencies of nursing informatics

A

1) basic computer skills
2) information literacy
3) information management

76
Q

M2L2: ROLES OF AN NI

  • Serve as agent of change to move people out of their comfort zone
  • Use shared governance and hold sponsors and stakeholders accountable
A

Lead Change

77
Q

M2L2: ROLES OF AN NI

  • eliminate silos
  • promote adherence to clinical and technical standards
A

Promote standardization

78
Q

M2L2: ROLES OF AN NI

Collaborate with other departments to realize full potential of records

A

Develop relationships and credibility

79
Q

M2L2: ROLES OF AN NI

  • Analyze data to optimize system use and patient outcomes
  • Prepares new system functionality through workflow, policies, procedure, education
A

Implement and optimize

80
Q

M2L2: ROLES OF AN NI

Develop clinical system strategies with hospital leaders

A

Provide though leadership

81
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

What are the 5 types of HIS

A
  1. Subject and Task-based Health Information Systems
  2. Strategic or Operational Health Information Systems
  3. Clinical and Administrative Health information Systems
  4. Financial and Clinical Health Information Systems
  5. Decision Support Health Information Systems
82
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

health information system is related to any patient or healthcare professionals organization

A

subject-based

83
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

health information system is associated with particular tasks such as admissions/ discharge system or operating theatre.

A

task-based

84
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

Allows the assessment of an organization regarding the spread of digitization in its information system

Permits the highlighting of inappropriate or uneven development in systems

Provide output information related to possible hospital requirements in the future by projecting the capacities of the hospital

A

Strategic or Operational Health Information Systems

85
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

Provides information in the form of hospital episode statistics and its reports to the DOH.

It is designed to make provision for retrospective data entry (patient information is generally entered after their discharge) and to provide details for each care episode.

The information containing diagnosis data, outcomes, and processing can be classified as clinical.

A

Clinical and Administrative Health information Systems

86
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

Allows easy access to patient costing and helps in monitoring a patient’s usage of different departments.

This is done by tagging the various deliverables (recorded in the clinical system management) with their associated prices.

It has the capacity of invoicing as well as following up any non-payment incident.

A

Financial and Clinical Health Information Systems

87
Q

M2L3: Health Information System

Used to get the computer attempting to perform parts of the processing usually done by the user after converting the data into clinically relevant information

Presents the health information in a manner (flagging, sorting, classifying) beneficial to cognitive processing.

Facilitates the user’s decision making.

A
  1. Decision Support Health Information Systems
88
Q

M2L3: Benefits of Health Information System

The healthcare industry constantly produces data and HIS help gather, compile and analyze health data to help manage population health and reduce healthcare costs.

The healthcare data analysis can improve patient care.

A

Data analytics

89
Q

M2L3: Benefits of Health Information System

Patients often need to treatments from different healthcare providers. HIS allow healthcare facilities to access common health records.

A

Collaborative care

90
Q

M2L3: Benefits of Health Information System

Using digital networks to exchange healthcare data creates efficiencies and cost savings.

A

Cost control

91
Q

M2L3: Benefits of Health Information System

HIS can aggregate patient data, analyze it and identify trends in populations.

The technology also works in reverse - clinical decision support systems can use big data to help diagnose individual patients and treat them.

A

Population Health Management

92
Q

M3L1: IPLs

  • the rights given to persons over the creations of their minds. They usually give the creator an exclusive right over the use of his/her creation for a certain period of time.
  • deals with the rules for securing and enforcing legal rights to inventions, designs, and artistic works.
A

Intellectual Property Rights

93
Q

M3L1: IPLs

RA 8293 is known as…

A

Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

94
Q

M3L1: IPLs

Examples of IPR consist of:

A

1) Copyright and Related Rights
2) Trademarks and Service Marks
3) Geographic Indications
4) Industrial Designs
5) Patents
6) Layout-Designs (Topographies) of 7) Integrated Circuits
8) Protection of Undisclosed
9) Information

95
Q

M3L1: IPLs

cover protected logos, business or product names, slogans, jingles, and other elements of a brand that make it identifiable.

A

Trademarks

96
Q

M3L1: IPLs

is a piece of confidential information, whether that be a manufacturing process, supplier list, or anything else that benefits a business by remaining a secret.

Companies must enact their own confidentiality agreements and make it apparent that a secret should remain to have a shot at litigating against trade secret misappropriation.

A

Trade Secrets

97
Q

M3L1: IPLs

exist to protect original creative work, including art, music, literature, and the like.

This type of artistic, intellectual property is not very common or important in the healthcare sector

A

Copyrights

98
Q

M3L1: IPLs

give inventors the right to use their product in the marketplace, or to profit by transferring that right to someone else.

A

Health Care Patents

99
Q

M3L1: IPLs

These are statements of the professional values and beliefs which are based on ethical principles.

A

Code of Ethics

100
Q

M3L1: IPLs

Fill in the Principle

1) Self Rule/Determination
2) Doing what is best for the individual
3) Doing no harm
4) Truth Telling
5) Honesty
6) Making decisions on behalf of others
7) Being fair
8) Appreciation for human dignity

A

1) Autonomy
2) Beneficence
3) Nonmaleficence
4) Veracity
5) Fidelity
6) Paternalism
7) Justice
8) Respect for Others

101
Q

M3L2: HIPAA

A federal law that applies to healthcare providers, health plans, and healthcare clearinghouses that conduct transactions electronically .

A

HIPAA

102
Q

M3L2: HIPAA

Who and in what year was HIPPA enacted?

A

Pres. Bill Clinton in 1996

103
Q

M3L2: HIPAA

What are the 4 aspects of HIPAA?

A

1) Privacy of Health Information
2) Security of health data
3) Notification of breaches of medical records
4) Right to obtain copies of healthcare data

104
Q

M3L2: HIPAA

What are the list of information identifiers for HI?

A
  1. name;
  2. address (anything smaller than a state);
  3. dates (except years) related to an individual – birthdate, admission date, etc.;
  4. phone number;
  5. fax number;
  6. email address;
  7. Social Security number;
  8. medical record number;
  9. health plan beneficiary number;
  10. account number;
  11. certificate or license number;
  12. vehicle identifiers, such as serial numbers, license plate numbers;
  13. device identifiers and serial numbers;
  14. web URL;
  15. Internet Protocol (IP) address;
  16. biometric IDs, such as a fingerprint or voice print;
  17. full-face photographs and other photos of identifying characteristics; and
  18. any other unique identifying characteristic.
105
Q

M3L2: HIPAA

How many days does HIPAA require healthcare organizations and their business associates to issue notifications?

A

60 days

106
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT

What RA is the Data Privacy Act?

A

RA 10173

107
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: KEY ROLES

Refers to an individual whose, sensitive personal, or privileged information is processed personal

A

Data Subjects

108
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: KEY ROLES

Controls the processing of personal data, or instructs another to process personal data on its behalf.

A

Personal Information Controller (PIC)

109
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: KEY ROLES

Organization or individual whom a personal information controller may outsource or instruct the processing of personal data pertaining to a data subject

A

Personal Information Processor (PIP)

110
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: KEY ROLES

Responsible for the overall management of compliance to DPA

A

Data Protection Officer (DPO)

111
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: KEY ROLES

Independent body mandated to administer and implement the DPA of 2012, and to monitor and ensure compliance of the country with international standards set for personal data protection

A

National Privacy Commission

112
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: TYPES OF BREACHES

Due to loss, accidental or unlawful destruction of personal data

A

Availability Breach

113
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: TYPES OF BREACHES

Due to the unauthorized disclosure of, or access to, personal data

A

Confidentiality Breach

114
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: TYPES OF BREACHES

Due to alteration of personal data

A

Integrity Breach

115
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: TYPES OF BREACHES

Unauthorized processing, processing for unauthorized purposes, violation of privacy rights

A

Unlawful Processing/Violation of Privacy

116
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT

  • a commission created by this act which is mandated to administer and implement this law
A

NATIONAL PRIVACY COMMISSION

117
Q

M3L3: DATA PRIVACY ACT: RIGHTS

What are the rights of the data subject?

A

Right to be informed
Right to object
Right to access
Right to data portability
Right to correct (rectification)
Right to file a complaint
Right to damages
Right to erasure or blocking
Transmissibility of Rights

nursing y2s2 (2 decks)

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