NDT MIDTERMS [DECK 1]

Question 1

means big – big nutrients.
○ the main nutrients that make up the foods we eat.
○ Nutrients required in large amounts that provide the
energy needed to maintain body functions and carry
out the activities of daily life.

Answer 1

Macronutrients

Question 2

are essential elements needed by life
in small quantities.
○ Just like water do not provide
energy, however, the body need adequate amount
to ensure that all body cells function properly.
○ can only be obtained from the
food in which we eat.

Answer 2

Micronutrients

Question 3

CARBOHYDRATES kind of nutrient

Answer 3

MACRONUTRIENTS

Question 4

Considered as the primary source of fuel for the brain and the
rest of the body.

Answer 4

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 5

50% - 70% of total energy requirement

Answer 5

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 6

1 gram CHO = __ calories upon complete hydrolysis

Answer 6

4

Question 7

Has sugars (composed mainly of SUGARS)

Answer 7

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 8

CARBOHYDRATES is an Organic compounds composed of

Answer 8

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Question 9

“saccharide” meaning

Answer 9

starches and sugars

Question 10

CARBOHYDRATES Derived from the Greek word

Answer 10

saccharide

Question 11

Chiefly found in plants and produced by the process of
photosynthesis from H2O, CO2, and sun

Answer 11

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 12

The building blocks are called

Answer 12

monosaccharide.

Question 13

The digestion begin in the mouth with salivary amylase
released during the process of - and are absorbed
across the membrane of the small intestine and transported to
the liver distributed to the rest of the body.

Answer 13

chewing

Question 14

The absorption process begins around - hours after eating

Answer 14

3-6

Question 15

simplest form of sugar

Answer 15

Monosaccharides

Question 16

Considered as the simplest form of sugar of sugar
which is small molecules that require little or no
digestion before they can be used by the body and
the source is the digestive end product of lactose
hydrolysis.

Answer 16

Monosaccharides

Question 17

Glucose is a CARBOHYDRATES under

Answer 17

Monosaccharides

Question 18

Physiologic sugar

Answer 18

Glucose

Question 19

blood sugar

Answer 19

Glucose

Question 20

dextrose

Answer 20

Glucose

Question 21

grape sugar

Answer 21

Glucose

Question 22

principal form used by the
body

Answer 22

Glucose

Question 23

Moderately sweet sugar

Answer 23

Glucose

Question 24

Glucose works for

Answer 24

brain, nerve cells, RBC

Question 25

Stores last for only hours

Answer 25

Glucose

Question 26

a process where protein is converted to glucose

Answer 26

Gluconeogenesis

Question 27

less available CHO for energy – more fats to be broken down – form ketone bodies.

Answer 27

Ketosis

Question 28

Glucose Sources

Answer 28

fruits, sweet corn, corn syrup

Question 29

red

Answer 29

Lycopene

Question 30

Carotene

Answer 30

orange, yellow

Question 31

Anthocyanin

Answer 31

blue, violet

Question 32

Cruciferae

Answer 32

green, white

Question 33

Fructose is a CARBOHYDRATES under

Answer 33

Monosaccharides

Question 34

“Fruit sugar”

Answer 34

Fructose

Question 35

sweetest of all sugar

Answer 35

Fructose

Question 36

“levulose”

Answer 36

Fructose

Question 37

Fructose Sources:

Answer 37

Ripe fruits and honey

Question 38

Galactose is a CARBOHYDRATES under

Answer 38

Monosaccharides

Question 39

Not found in nature, not found in free foods

Answer 39

Galactose

Question 40

Produced from lactose (milk sugar) by digestion and is converted to glucose

Answer 40

Galactose

Question 41

infants born with an inability to metabolize galactose

Answer 41

Galactosemia

Question 42

Newborn Screening Test

Answer 42

RA 9288

Question 43

two sugar molecules carbohydrate

Answer 43

Disaccharides

Question 44

Sucrose is a carbohydrate under

Answer 44

Disaccharides

Question 45

Maltose is a carbohydrate under

Answer 45

Disaccharides

Question 46

Lactose is a carbohydrate under

Answer 46

Disaccharides

Question 47

Cane sugar

Answer 47

Sucrose

Question 48

table sugar

Answer 48

Sucrose

Question 49

“beet sugar”

Answer 49

Sucrose

Question 50

glucose + fructose

Answer 50

Sucrose

Question 51

“Malt sugar”

Answer 51

Maltose

Question 52

Derived from the digestion of starch

Answer 52

Maltose

Question 53

glucose + glucose

Answer 53

Maltose

Question 54

“Milk sugar”

Answer 54

Lactose

Question 55

Least sweet among sugars

Answer 55

Lactose

Question 56

glucose + galactose

Answer 56

Lactose

Question 57

Lactose Source:

Answer 57

milk and milk products

Question 58

Complex Carbohydrates

Answer 58

Polysaccharides

Question 59

contains many monosaccharides linked together.

Answer 59

Complex Carbohydrates or Polysaccharides

Question 60

Starch is a carbohydrate under

Answer 60

Complex Carbohydrates or Polysaccharides

Question 61

Dextrin is a carbohydrate under

Answer 61

Complex Carbohydrates or Polysaccharides

Question 62

Glycogen is a carbohydrate under

Answer 62

Complex Carbohydrates or Polysaccharides

Question 63

Fibers is a carbohydrate under

Answer 63

Complex Carbohydrates or Polysaccharides

Question 64

Storage form of carbohydrates in plants

Answer 64

Starch

Question 65

Supply energy for a long period

Answer 65

Starch

Question 66

Starch source

Answer 66

Cereal grain, rice, wheat

Question 67

Derived from dextrose (glucose).

Answer 67

Dextrin

Question 68

a low-molecular-weight carbohydrate produced from the hydrolysis of starches.

Answer 68

Dextrin

Question 69

An intermediate product of starch digestion plus acid with application of heat of 150-200°C.

Answer 69

Dextrin

Question 70

maltose + 2 glucose units.

Answer 70

Dextrin

Question 71

used in many glue products due to its adhesive qualities and safety.

Answer 71

Dextrin

Question 72

The indigestible form of - is often used as a fiber supplement.

Answer 72

Dextrin

Question 73

“Animal starch”

Answer 73

Glycogen

Question 74

Storage form of CHO in the body found in the liver and muscle.

Answer 74

Glycogen

Question 75

supplies energy directly to surrounding tissues during work and exercise.

Answer 75

Muscle glycogen

Question 76

Liver glycogen is converted to glucose to be used in the body through the process called

Answer 76

“glycogenolysis.”

Question 77

Glycogen source

Answer 77

liver, oysters, muscle meat

Question 78

glycogen storage disease (GSD) other names

Answer 78

glycogenosis and dextrinosis

Question 79

metabolic disorder caused by enzyme deficiencies affecting either glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown, or glycolysis (glucose breakdown), typically within muscles and/or liver cells.

Answer 79

glycogen storage disease

Question 80

GSD has two classes of causes:

Answer 80

Genetic and Acquired.

Question 81

Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I) or

Answer 81

von Gierke disease

Question 82

most common of the glycogen storage disease. This genetic disease results from the deficiency of the enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase, and has an incidence in the American population of approximately 1 in 50,000 to 100,000 births.

Answer 82

Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I)

Question 83

confirmatory test of Glycogen storage disease type I (GSD I)

Answer 83

Liver Biopsy

Question 84

“Roughage” because the formed bulk of the diet

Answer 84

Fibers

Question 85

Act as a broom in our digestive tract

Answer 85

Fibers

Question 86

Indigestible part of the food and primary constituent of the plant cell wall.

Answer 86

Fibers

Question 87

● Not digested by humans due to lack of an enzyme that will split or break it.

Answer 87

Fibers

Question 88

Fibers Requirement g/day

Answer 88

20-35

Question 89

Chief source of energy, protein sparing

Answer 89

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 90

● Supplies energy to the body ● Takes part in building body tissues to some limited extent ● Regulator of intestinal peristalsis and provider of bulk

Answer 90

CARBOHYDRATES

Question 91

acute carbohydrate energy

Answer 91

Hypoglycemia

Question 92

● Dental caries ● Obesity/overweight ● Diabetes mellitus ● Gas formation EXCESSIVE intake of

Answer 92

CARBOHYDRATE

Question 93

increase fibers, low fats, and added sugar

Answer 93

Promote weight loss/weight control

Question 94

high in carbohydrates

Answer 94

Protect against heart disease, stroke, cancer

Question 95

high in carbohydrates and low fats

Answer 95

Fight against diabetes

Question 96

increase gibers, enhance healthy large intestine.

Answer 96

Promote gastrointestinal health

Question 97

PROTEINS kind of nutrient

Answer 97

macronutrient

Question 98

It is an organic compound containing C,H,O,N

Answer 98

PROTEINS

Question 99

PROTEINS derived from the Greek word -

Answer 99

“proteios”

Question 100

protein greek word meaning

Answer 100

to hold first place or is the prime importance.