Near drowning

Question 1

Survival, at least temporarily, after suffocation by submersion in a liquid median. May include the loss of consciousness

Answer 1

Near drowning

Question 2

Where do the highest rates of drowning occur

Answer 2

Low and middle income countries

Question 3

Risk factors associated with near drowning

Answer 3

Inadequate supervision. Risk-taking behavior. Use of alcohol /drugs. Hypothermia. Concomitant trauma. Stroke. Myocardial infarction.

Question 4

When does the nonfatal drowning typically begin?

Answer 4

During a period of panic, loss of normal breathing pattern, breath holding, air hunger, and a struggle by the victim to stay above water

Question 5

During a near drowning, how does air access the lower respiratory tract

Answer 5

Aspiration or reflex laryngospasm spasm. Leading to hypoxia.

Question 6

In a near drowning event, how do virtually all tissues and organs in the body become affected

Answer 6

Hypoxemia ultimately produces tissue hypoxia

Question 7

How do both salt and fresh water affect the structure of the lungs

Answer 7

Both wash out surfactant. producing noncardiogenic pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome