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Head and Neck Anatomy (Final) > Neck 1 > Flashcards

Neck 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which bone? - level of inferior mandible and C3. Not articulating with any other bones. Held by 4 supra-muscles and 4 infra-muscles and ligaments.

A

Hyoid bone

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2
Q

What prominence? - Midline elevation created by the thyroid cartilage.

A

Laryngeal prominence

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3
Q

What notch? - Depression on superior border of laryngeal prominence.

A

Thyroid notch

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4
Q

What notch? - Groove located upon superior border of manubrium between two clavicular heads.

A

Suprasternal (jugular) notch

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5
Q

What fossa? - Depression located lateral to clavicular origin of sternocleidomastoid m., posterior to middle third of clavicle, and anteromedial to clavicular insertion of trapezius m.

A

Supraclavicular fossa

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6
Q

This fossa serves as a pressure point to decrease bleeding of the upper extremity.

A

Supraclavicular fossa

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7
Q

Skin of the neck is loose; overlies _____ m.

A

Platysma muscle

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8
Q

Superficial fascia of the neck is loose connective tissue that includes _____ muscle.

A

Platysma muscle

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9
Q

Superficial muscle originating from clavipectoral fascia, coursing superiorly over neck, and inserting along with several muscles of facial expression into skin around the chin and mouth. What muscle is this?

A

Platysma muscle

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10
Q

Platysma muscle is innervated by?

A

The cervical branch of the facial nerve.

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11
Q

Investing layer of dense connective tissue – a “sleeve” binding all structures in the neck. Which splits to encompass _____ and _____ muscles.

A

Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius muscles

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12
Q

_____ fascia – covering supra & infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles).

A

Infrahyoid

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13
Q

_____ fascia – viscera covered with a layer of fascia including the
thyroid & parathyroid glands, trachea & esophagus.

A

Pretracheal

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14
Q

_____ Sheath - contains carotid a. & jugular v., vagus n.

A

Carotid

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15
Q

_____ (deep cervical) fascia – covering vertebral musculature.

A

Prevertebral

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16
Q

The neck is divided into _____ and _____ triangles

A

anterior and posterior

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17
Q

Posterior Neck Triangle: Anterior boundary?

A

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

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18
Q

Posterior Neck Triangle: Posterior boundary?

A

Trapezius muscle

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19
Q

Posterior Neck Triangle: Inferior (base) boundary?

A

Clavicle

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20
Q

Posterior Neck Triangle: Roof of the boundary?

A

Skin, superficial fascia and platysma (only covers lower portion of the triangle), Investing Fascia covering SCM & Trapezius muscles.

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21
Q

Posterior Neck Triangle: Floor of the boundary?

A

Prevertebral (deep) fascia covering Splenius Capitis, Levator Scapulae, and the Scalene muscles.

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22
Q

_____ vein leis deep to sternocleidomastoid muscle.

A

Internal jugular

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23
Q

Venous Drainage in the Neck
• External Jugular Vein (superficial to SCM) drains into the _____ vein
• _____ Vein(deep to SCM) joins the subclavian vein to form the
Brachiocephalic Vein (bilaterally)

A
  • Subclavian

- Internal Jugular

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24
Q

The right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the ______ which, in turn, empties into the right atrium of the heart.

A

Superior vena cava

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25
The Retromandibular vein splits into anterior and posterior branches, the anterior branch joins with facial vein to from the _____ vein which then drains into the ______ vein.
- Common facial | - internal jugular
26
Posterior retromandibular vein drains into the _____ vein
external jugular
27
Anterior jugular veins also drain into the ______ vein
external jugular
28
External jugular vein drains into _____ vein.
Subclavian
29
Origin of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
O: Sternal Head: anterior surface of the manubrium (sternum). Clavicular Head: superior surface of medial 1/3rd of clavicle.
30
Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Lateral surface of mastoid process; lateral half of superior nuchal line.
31
Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Spinal root of Accessory (CN 11)
32
Function of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Laterally flexes neck to same side and rotates head toward opposite side (and somewhat superiorly). Acting together, these muscles flex the neck so chin is thrust forward.
33
Origin of Trapezius muscle
Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebra, lumbar and sacral spinous processes.
34
Insertion of Trapezius muscle
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula.
35
Innervation of Trapezius muscle
Spinal root of Accessory (CN 11)
36
Functions of Trapezius muscle
Elevate, retract, adduct and rotate scapula; Superior fibers: elevate pectoral girdle, maintain level of shoulders against gravity or resistance Patients frequently have tight upper trapezius, weak inhibited mid and lower trapezius
37
Spasm of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle is known as?
Torticollis
38
Torticollis, also known as _____ or _____, is a symptom defined by an abnormal asymmetrical head or neck position due to a variety of reasons. Torticollis is derived from the Latin words tortus for twisted and collum for neck
wry neck; loxia
39
An area *halfway along the posterior border* of the SCM muscle where the Sensory Portion of the cervical plexus emerges is known as?
Erb's Point
40
What are the 5 sensory nerves that emerges at Erb's point?
Lesser occipital, Great auricular, Transverse cervical, Supraclavicular, and Accessory (CN 11)
41
Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: | From ventral rami of C2 and sometimes 3; Cutaneous to mastoid process
Lesser occipital
42
Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C2-3; Cutaneous to area around ear
Great auricular
43
Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C2-3; Cutaneous nerve to throat
Transverse cervical
44
Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C3-4; Splits into three branches - anterior, middle and posterior (also called medial, intermediate and lateral); Cutaneous to area over clavicle
Supraclavicular
45
Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From medulla oblongata; Motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
Accessory (CN 11)
46
What are the 2 sub-triangles off of Posterior triangle located by inferior belly of omohyoid ?
Occipital triangle; Supraclavicular triangle
47
Which sub-triangle is this? Upper triangle, larger; Boundaries - sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, inferior belly of omohyoid.
Occipital triangle
48
Which sub-triangle is this? Lower triangle, smaller; | Boundaries - sternocleidomastoid, clavicle, inferior belly of omohyoid.
Supraclavicular triangle
49
Scalene muscles are accessory _____ muscles
Breathing
50
O., I., N.and F. of Anterior scalene muscle
O: Anterior tubercles of transverse processes I: Scalene tubercle of 1st rib (of Lisfranc) N: Nerve root in the vicinity F: Elevate 1st rib (forced inspiration), flex and laterally flex neck.
51
O., I., N.and F. of Middle scalene muscle (Largest and longest)
O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes I: upper surface of 1st rib N: C3-8 F: elevate 1st rib (forced inspiration), lateral flex neck
52
O., I., N.and F. of Posterior scalene muscle
O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes I: upper surface of 2nd rib N: C5-7 F: elevate 2nd rib (forced inspiration), laterally flex neck
53
The sensory portion of the cervical plexus is more ______ placed than the motor portion and is located directly posterior to the _____m.
- superficially | - sternocleidomastoid
54
Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: | C2 (C3) - To mastoid region and superior ear
Lesser occipital n.
55
Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C2, C3 - To the ear.
Great auricular n.
56
Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C2, C3 - To the neck.
Transverse cervical n.
57
Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C3, C4 - Medial, intermediate, and lateral branches to skin above the clavicle and deltoid m.
Supraclavicular n.
58
The motor portion of the cervical plexus lies deep to the sensory portion and much of it can be found in the anterior to _____. The motor portion makes up the _____.
- carotid triangle | - Ansa Cervicalis
59
What are the 2 limbs (roots) of the ansa cervicalis muscle?
- C1 Ventral ramus | - C2 and C3 rami
60
C1 Ventral ramus- provides separate motor innervation to the _____ and _____ muscles and also forms the _____ Of The Ansa Cervicalis
thyrohyoid; geniohyoid; Superior Root
61
C2 and C3 rami - combine to form the _____ Of The Ansa Cervicalis (descendens cervicalis).
Inferior Root
62
The ansa cervicalis is _____ to the SCM and _____ to the carotid sheath
deep; superficial

Head and Neck Anatomy (Final) (1 decks)

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