Neck 1

Question 1

Which bone? - level of inferior mandible and C3. Not articulating with any other bones. Held by 4 supra-muscles and 4 infra-muscles and ligaments.

Answer 1

Hyoid bone

Question 2

What prominence? - Midline elevation created by the thyroid cartilage.

Answer 2

Laryngeal prominence

Question 3

What notch? - Depression on superior border of laryngeal prominence.

Answer 3

Thyroid notch

Question 4

What notch? - Groove located upon superior border of manubrium between two clavicular heads.

Answer 4

Suprasternal (jugular) notch

Question 5

What fossa? - Depression located lateral to clavicular origin of sternocleidomastoid m., posterior to middle third of clavicle, and anteromedial to clavicular insertion of trapezius m.

Answer 5

Supraclavicular fossa

Question 6

This fossa serves as a pressure point to decrease bleeding of the upper extremity.

Answer 6

Supraclavicular fossa

Question 7

Skin of the neck is loose; overlies _____ m.

Answer 7

Platysma muscle

Question 8

Superficial fascia of the neck is loose connective tissue that includes _____ muscle.

Answer 8

Platysma muscle

Question 9

Superficial muscle originating from clavipectoral fascia, coursing superiorly over neck, and inserting along with several muscles of facial expression into skin around the chin and mouth. What muscle is this?

Answer 9

Platysma muscle

Question 10

Platysma muscle is innervated by?

Answer 10

The cervical branch of the facial nerve.

Question 11

Investing layer of dense connective tissue – a “sleeve” binding all structures in the neck. Which splits to encompass _____ and _____ muscles.

Answer 11

Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius muscles

Question 12

_____ fascia – covering supra & infrahyoid muscles (strap muscles).

Answer 12

Infrahyoid

Question 13

_____ fascia – viscera covered with a layer of fascia including the
thyroid & parathyroid glands, trachea & esophagus.

Answer 13

Pretracheal

Question 14

_____ Sheath - contains carotid a. & jugular v., vagus n.

Answer 14

Carotid

Question 15

_____ (deep cervical) fascia – covering vertebral musculature.

Answer 15

Prevertebral

Question 16

The neck is divided into _____ and _____ triangles

Answer 16

anterior and posterior

Question 17

Posterior Neck Triangle: Anterior boundary?

Answer 17

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Question 18

Posterior Neck Triangle: Posterior boundary?

Answer 18

Trapezius muscle

Question 19

Posterior Neck Triangle: Inferior (base) boundary?

Answer 19

Clavicle

Question 20

Posterior Neck Triangle: Roof of the boundary?

Answer 20

Skin, superficial fascia and platysma (only covers lower portion of the triangle), Investing Fascia covering SCM & Trapezius muscles.

Question 21

Posterior Neck Triangle: Floor of the boundary?

Answer 21

Prevertebral (deep) fascia covering Splenius Capitis, Levator Scapulae, and the Scalene muscles.

Question 22

_____ vein leis deep to sternocleidomastoid muscle.

Answer 22

Internal jugular

Question 23

Venous Drainage in the Neck
• External Jugular Vein (superficial to SCM) drains into the _____ vein
• _____ Vein(deep to SCM) joins the subclavian vein to form the
Brachiocephalic Vein (bilaterally)

Answer 23

• Subclavian

- Internal Jugular

Question 24

The right and left brachiocephalic veins join to form the ______ which, in turn, empties into the right atrium of the heart.

Answer 24

Superior vena cava

Question 25

The Retromandibular vein splits into anterior and posterior branches, the anterior branch joins with facial vein to from the _____ vein which then drains into the ______ vein.

Answer 25

- Common facial | - internal jugular

Question 26

Posterior retromandibular vein drains into the _____ vein

Answer 26

external jugular

Question 27

Anterior jugular veins also drain into the ______ vein

Answer 27

external jugular

Question 28

External jugular vein drains into _____ vein.

Answer 28

Subclavian

Question 29

Origin of Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 29

O: Sternal Head: anterior surface of the manubrium (sternum). Clavicular Head: superior surface of medial 1/3rd of clavicle.

Question 30

Insertion of Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 30

Lateral surface of mastoid process; lateral half of superior nuchal line.

Question 31

Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 31

Spinal root of Accessory (CN 11)

Question 32

Function of Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 32

Laterally flexes neck to same side and rotates head toward opposite side (and somewhat superiorly). Acting together, these muscles flex the neck so chin is thrust forward.

Question 33

Origin of Trapezius muscle

Answer 33

Medial 1/3 of superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebra, lumbar and sacral spinous processes.

Question 34

Insertion of Trapezius muscle

Answer 34

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula.

Question 35

Innervation of Trapezius muscle

Answer 35

Spinal root of Accessory (CN 11)

Question 36

Functions of Trapezius muscle

Answer 36

Elevate, retract, adduct and rotate scapula; Superior fibers: elevate pectoral girdle, maintain level of shoulders against gravity or resistance Patients frequently have tight upper trapezius, weak inhibited mid and lower trapezius

Question 37

Spasm of the Sternocleidomastoid Muscle is known as?

Answer 37

Torticollis

Question 38

Torticollis, also known as _____ or _____, is a symptom defined by an abnormal asymmetrical head or neck position due to a variety of reasons. Torticollis is derived from the Latin words tortus for twisted and collum for neck

Answer 38

wry neck; loxia

Question 39

An area *halfway along the posterior border* of the SCM muscle where the Sensory Portion of the cervical plexus emerges is known as?

Answer 39

Erb's Point

Question 40

What are the 5 sensory nerves that emerges at Erb's point?

Answer 40

Lesser occipital, Great auricular, Transverse cervical, Supraclavicular, and Accessory (CN 11)

Question 41

Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: | From ventral rami of C2 and sometimes 3; Cutaneous to mastoid process

Answer 41

Lesser occipital

Question 42

Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C2-3; Cutaneous to area around ear

Answer 42

Great auricular

Question 43

Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C2-3; Cutaneous nerve to throat

Answer 43

Transverse cervical

Question 44

Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From ventral rami of C3-4; Splits into three branches - anterior, middle and posterior (also called medial, intermediate and lateral); Cutaneous to area over clavicle

Answer 44

Supraclavicular

Question 45

Which sensory nerve emerges at Erb's point: From medulla oblongata; Motor to sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Answer 45

Accessory (CN 11)

Question 46

What are the 2 sub-triangles off of Posterior triangle located by inferior belly of omohyoid ?

Answer 46

Occipital triangle; Supraclavicular triangle

Question 47

Which sub-triangle is this? Upper triangle, larger; Boundaries - sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, inferior belly of omohyoid.

Answer 47

Occipital triangle

Question 48

Which sub-triangle is this? Lower triangle, smaller; | Boundaries - sternocleidomastoid, clavicle, inferior belly of omohyoid.

Answer 48

Supraclavicular triangle

Question 49

Scalene muscles are accessory _____ muscles

Answer 49

Breathing

Question 50

O., I., N.and F. of Anterior scalene muscle

Answer 50

O: Anterior tubercles of transverse processes I: Scalene tubercle of 1st rib (of Lisfranc) N: Nerve root in the vicinity F: Elevate 1st rib (forced inspiration), flex and laterally flex neck.

Question 51

O., I., N.and F. of Middle scalene muscle (Largest and longest)

Answer 51

O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes I: upper surface of 1st rib N: C3-8 F: elevate 1st rib (forced inspiration), lateral flex neck

Question 52

O., I., N.and F. of Posterior scalene muscle

Answer 52

O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes I: upper surface of 2nd rib N: C5-7 F: elevate 2nd rib (forced inspiration), laterally flex neck

Question 53

The sensory portion of the cervical plexus is more ______ placed than the motor portion and is located directly posterior to the _____m.

Answer 53

- superficially | - sternocleidomastoid

Question 54

Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: | C2 (C3) - To mastoid region and superior ear

Answer 54

Lesser occipital n.

Question 55

Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C2, C3 - To the ear.

Answer 55

Great auricular n.

Question 56

Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C2, C3 - To the neck.

Answer 56

Transverse cervical n.

Question 57

Which Sensory branches of cervical plexus: C3, C4 - Medial, intermediate, and lateral branches to skin above the clavicle and deltoid m.

Answer 57

Supraclavicular n.

Question 58

The motor portion of the cervical plexus lies deep to the sensory portion and much of it can be found in the anterior to _____. The motor portion makes up the _____.

Answer 58

- carotid triangle | - Ansa Cervicalis

Question 59

What are the 2 limbs (roots) of the ansa cervicalis muscle?

Answer 59

- C1 Ventral ramus | - C2 and C3 rami

Question 60

C1 Ventral ramus- provides separate motor innervation to the _____ and _____ muscles and also forms the _____ Of The Ansa Cervicalis

Answer 60

thyrohyoid; geniohyoid; Superior Root

Question 61

C2 and C3 rami - combine to form the _____ Of The Ansa Cervicalis (descendens cervicalis).

Answer 61

Inferior Root

Question 62

The ansa cervicalis is _____ to the SCM and _____ to the carotid sheath

Answer 62

deep; superficial