Neck Flashcards
(26 cards)
what structure passes through the foramena transversaria?
vertebral artery and vein
what’s the function of the hyooid bone?
raising and lowering of hyoid/thyroid cartilage closes and opens the epiglottis (raise=closes resp passage; lower=opens resp passage)
which muscles are suprahyoid? what are their points of attachment?
mylohyoid
stylohyoid
geniogyoid
digastric
which muscles are infrahyoid? what are their points of attachment?
sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid
what ligament anchors the hyoid bone to the skull?
stylohyoid ligament
what ligamentous sheet attaches the hyoid bone to the larynx?
thyrohyoid membrane
name the six compartments of the neck
- superficial compartment
- deep investing compartment
- prevertebral compartment
- pretrachial compartment
- carotid compartment (w/in carotid sheath)
- retropharyngeal compartment
what are the borders of the anterior triangle of the neck?
- anterior edge of SCM
- midline
- mandible
what are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck?
- lateral edge of trapezius
- clavicle
- posterior edge of SCM
what are the borders of the root of the neck?
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what lies within the superficial compartment?
between SKIN and SUBQ fascia
-platysma muscle
what lies within the deep investing compartment?
within INVESTING LAYER of deep cervical fascia
- trapezius muscle
- SCM muscle
- infrahyoid muscles
what lies within the prevertebral compartment?
deep to PREVERTEBRAL FASCIA anterior: -ant. middle & post. scalene -longus coli -longus capitis posterior: -semispinalis -splenius -erector spinae (spinalis, longissimus) -muscles of suboccipital triangle
what lies within the pretrachial compartment?
within PRETRACHIAL FASCIA
- thyroid & parathyroid glands
- larynx
- trachea
- esophagus
what lies within the carotid compartment?
within CAROTID SHEATH
- carotid a.
- internal jugular v.
- vagus n.
what lies within the retropharyngeal compartment?
between ALAR FASCIA and PREVERTEBRAL FASCIA
-nothing! potential space that can be a route for infections to travel to mediastinum
what muscle splits the posterior triangle into occipital and omoclavicular halves?
omohyoid muscle (inferior belly)
what are the 5 muscles of the floor of the posterior triangle?
- splenius
- levator scapulae
- ant. scalene
- middle scalene
- post. scalene
what is the “nerve point” of the neck?
posterior surface of the mid-SCM muscle (bunch of nerves can been seen here)
what is the pathway of the accessory n. through the posterior triangle?
- arises from brainstem
- innervates SCM on deep surface
- emerges at the “nerve point”
- travels along the floor (towards 8 o’clock)
- dives into the trapezius m.
what nerves form the cervical plexus?
- lesser occipital n.
- great auricular n.
- transverse cervical n.
- supraclavicular nn.
what are the motor functions of the accessory nerve?
-innervation of SCM and trapezius muscles
what are the three trunks of the brachial plexus?
superior, middle and inferior trunks (arise from the roots of the plexus found between the ant. and middle scalene muscle bellies)
what is the pressure point of the subclavian artery?
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