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Face and Neck > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

0
Q

Where is the hyoid located?

A

level of C3 vertebrae between the mandible and thyroid cartilage

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1
Q

What forms the skeleton of the neck?

A

cervical vertebrae, hyoid bone, manubrium of the sternum, and clavicles

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2
Q

What are the three layers of deep cervical fascia?

A

investing, pretracheal, and prevertebral

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3
Q

What is contained in the suprasternal space?

A

inferior ends of the anterior jugular veins and the jugular venous arch

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4
Q

What is contained in the carotid sheath?

A

common and internal carotid artery, vagus nerve, internal jugular vein, carotid sinus nerve, and sympathetic nerve fibers

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5
Q

What is the function of the retropharyngeal space?

A

permits movement of the pharynx, esophagus, larynx, and trachea during swallowing

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6
Q

What is the largest and most clinically important interfascial space in the neck? Why?

A

retropharyngeal space

major pathway for the spread of infection

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7
Q

What are the four major regions of the neck?

A

SCM region, posterior cervical region, lateral cervical region, and anterior cervical region

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8
Q

What divides each side of the neck into anterior and lateral cervical regions?

A

SCM

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9
Q

What separates the two heads of the SCM?

A

lesser supraclavicular fossa

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10
Q

What makes up the suprahyoid muscles?

A

mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, and digastric muscles

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11
Q

What makes up the superficial plane of infrahyoid muscles?

A

sternohyoid and omohyoid

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12
Q

What makes up the deep plane of infrahyoid muscles?

A

sternothyroid and thryohyoid

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13
Q

What makes up the carotid system of arteries?

A

common carotid artery and internal and external carotid arteries

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14
Q

What are the veins of the anterior cervical region?

A

IJV and the anterior jugular veins

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15
Q

What is contained in the carotid sheath?

A

common carotid artery, IJV, and vagus nerve

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16
Q

What innervates the carotid sinus?

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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17
Q

What is the function of the carotid sinus?

A

acts as baroreceptor stimulated by increases in arterial blood pressure

18
Q

What is the function of the carotid body?

A

acts as chemoreceptor stimulated by low levels of oxygen and increases rate and depth of respiration, cardiac rate, and BP

19
Q

What are the terminal branches of the external carotid artery?

A

maxillary and superficial temporal

20
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery?

A

superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occiptal, and posterior auricular

21
Q

What is the only medial branch of the external carotid artery?

A

ascending pharyngeal

22
Q

From where does the IJV drain blood?

A

brain, anterior face, cervical viscera, and deep muscles of the neck

23
Q

What forms the brachiocephalic vein?

A

union of IJV and subclavian

24
Q

The IJV is a direct continuation of what?

A

sigmoid sinus

25
Q

What makes up the prevertebral muscles?

A

longus colli and capitis, rectus capitis anterior, and anterior scalene muscles

26
Q

What makes up the lateral vertebral muscles?

A

rectus capitis lateralis, splenius capitis, levator scapulae, and middle and middle and posterior scalenes

27
Q

What is the anterior border of the anterior cervical region?

A

median line of neck

28
Q

What is the posterior border of the anterior cervical region?

A

anterior border of SCM

29
Q

What is the superior border of the anterior cervical region?

A

inferior border of mandible

30
Q

What is the inferior border of the anterior cervical region?

A

superior sternum

31
Q

What is the roof of the anterior cervical region?

A

subcutaneous tissue; platysma

32
Q

What is the floor of the anterior cervical region?

A

pharynx, larynx, and thyroid gland

33
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A

nasopharynx, oropharnyx, and laryngopharynx

34
Q

Where is the nasopharynx located?

A

posterior to the nose and superior to the soft palate

35
Q

Where is the oropharynx located?

A

posterior to the mouth

36
Q

Where is the laryngopharynx located?

A

posterior to the larynx

37
Q

What are the borders of the oropharynx?

A

soft palate superiorly; base of tongue inferiorly

38
Q

At what level is the laryngopharynx located?

A

C4-C6 vertebrae

39
Q

What are the extracranial branches of the facial nerve?

A

temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical, and posterior auricular

40
Q

What are the motor nerves of the face?

A

facial nerve (facial expression) and mandibular nerve (mastication)

41
Q

What are the branches of the opthalmic nerve?

A

lacrimal, supraorbital, supratrochlear, infratrochlear, and external nasal

42
Q

What are the branches of the maxillary nerve?

A

infraoribital, zygomaticotemporal, and zygomaticofacial

43
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the mandibular nerve?

A

auriculotemporal, buccal, and mental, inferior alveolar, and lingual

Face and Neck (3 decks)

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