Neck

Question 1

Hyoid Bone

Answer 1

HIGHLY MOVABLE. Only Bone in the body that does not articulate with any other bone. Serves as an anchor for muscles in the neck

Question 2

During swelling of the food, which is the main bone that’s acting on it

Answer 2

Hyoid Bone

Question 3

Position of Larynx in comparison to Pharynx

Answer 3

Larynx sits anterior to the pharynx. More specifically Larynx sits anterior to the laryngopharynx.

Question 4

Cartilages that make up the Larynx

Answer 4

3 Large Unpaired cartilages- Thyroid (Laryngeal Prominence), Cricoid, and Epiglottis.

Question 5

What is responsible for blocking the larynx while we eat so that food doesn’t get into the airway/trachea?

Answer 5

Epiglottis Cartilage

Question 6

Thyrohyroid Ligament

Answer 6

connects the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone

Question 7

Cricothyroid Ligament

Answer 7

Connects the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage above it

Question 8

Which is responsible for voice production or control of our voice cords?

Answer 8

Arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform (small paired cartilages in Larynx)

Question 9

What supplies the Superior part of the Larynx? and where does it branches from

Answer 9

Superior Laryngeal artery (Branches from External Carotid which branches from Common carotid around the Thyrohyoid Cartilage)

Question 10

What supplies the Lower part of the Larynx and where does it branches off of?

Answer 10

Inferior Laryngeal artery which branches off of Thyrocervical trunk of subclavian

Question 11

Upper part of Larynx Venous Drainage

Answer 11

Superior Laryngeal Vein which drains into Internal Jugular Vein

Question 12

Lower Part of Larynx Venous Drainage

Answer 12

Inferior Laryngeal Vein which drains into Left Brachiocephalic Vein

Question 13

Lymphatic Drainage of Larync

Answer 13

Deep Cervical Nodes

Question 14

Innervation for Larynx

Answer 14

Cranial Nerve (Vagus)

Question 15

3 divisions of the Pharynx

Answer 15

1. Nasopharynx- Posterior to the nasal cavity
2. Oropharynx- directly posterior to oral cavity
3. Laryngopharynx- directly posterior to Larynx

Question 16

Walls of Pharynx are formed by

Answer 16

Constrictor muscles (Superior, middle, and Inferior) and Longitudinal Muscles.

Question 17

Which muscle/s is essential for swallowing

Answer 17

Constrictor Muscles and Longitudinal Muscles

Question 18

All the constrictor muscles have common origin as

Answer 18

Pharyngeal raphe

Question 19

Main Blood supply of Pharynx and its branches

Answer 19

External Carotid Artery gives main branch to Ascending Pharyngeal Artery which further gives branches to Facial, Lingual, and Maxillary Artery

Question 20

What supplies the Laryngopharynx

Answer 20

Facial Artery which branches off of Ascending Pharyngeal Artery which branches from External Carotid Artery originally

Question 21

Venous drainage for Pahrynx

Answer 21

Plexus drains into Internal Jugular Veins

Question 22

Lymphatic drainage for lower Pharynx

Answer 22

Retropharyngeal node and Pre-Tracheal node

Question 23

Anterior Pharynx Drainage

Answer 23

Ingrahyoid

Question 24

Innervation for Pharynx

Answer 24

Cranial Nerve

Question 25

Action and Innervation of Platysma

Answer 25

Action: tense up the neck INNV: Cranial Nerve

Question 26

Attachment points for Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 26

Mastoid Process (I)- Sternum and Clavicle (O)

Question 27

Action and Innervation of Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 27

A: Unilateral- Lateral flexion to same side, rotation to opposite side Bilateral- Cervical Flexion INNV: Cranial Nerve (Accessory)

Question 28

which is major muscle that helps in forced inspiration?

Answer 28

Sternocleidomastoid & Scalenes

Question 29

Which muscle is found directly deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Answer 29

Scalenes

Question 30

Action and Innervation of Scalenes Muscles

Answer 30

(3 Scales Muscles (A,M,P) work together to assist in neck flexion, and raise first 2 ribs

Question 31

What travels between Anterior and Middle Scalenes

Answer 31

Brachial Plexus and Subclavian Artery

Question 32

What travels Anterior to Anterior Scalene

Answer 32

Subclavian Vein and Phrenic Nerve

Question 33

What is anterior to Levator scapulae?

Answer 33

Scalenes

Question 34

Muscles of the InfraHyoid

Answer 34

(TOSS) Thyrohyoid, Omohyoid, Sterohyoid, and Sternothyroid

Question 35

Muscles of the SupraHyoid

Answer 35

Stylohyoid, Digastric, Mylohoid, and Geniohyoid

Question 36

Action of Stylohyoid

Answer 36

Pulls Hyoid up during swallowing

Question 37

Action of Anterior Digastric Belly Muscles

Answer 37

Lower mandible, raises hyoid

Question 38

Action of Posterior Digastric Belly

Answer 38

Pulls hyoid up and back

Question 39

Action of Myohyoid

Answer 39

Forms the floor of the mouth; elevates hyoid

Question 40

Action of Geniohyoid

Answer 40

Elevates hyoid (Fixed mandible); pulls mandible down (Fixed Hyoid)

Question 41

Innervation for Suprahyoid Muscles

Answer 41

Cranial Nerve except for geniohyoid which is Ventral Ramus of C1

Question 42

What is fixed when swelling and what moves when swelling?

Answer 42

Mandible is fixed when swallowing and Hyoid moves when swallowing

Question 43

What is fixed when chewing and what moves when chewing?

Answer 43

Hyoid is fixed when chewing and Mandible is moving/lowered when chewing

Question 44

Infrahyoids are also known as

Answer 44

strap muscles

Question 45

Action of Sternohyoid

Answer 45

Depress Hyoid after swallowing

Question 46

Action of Omohyoid

Answer 46

Depress and fixes hyoid

Question 47

Action of Thyrohyoid

Answer 47

Depresses hyoid bones, raises larynx when hyoid is fixed

Question 48

Action of Sterothyroid

Answer 48

Draws Larynx downward