Neck and C spine Flashcards
(30 cards)
uncovertebral joint
C3-7
OA joint- motion
flexion and extension primarily -rotation and SB to opp sides
AA joint- motion
rotation primarily
C2-7- motion
Rotation and SB to same side
anterior triangle
mandible, SCM, midline
posterior triangle
SCM, trapezius, clavicle
C1- motor
resisited rotation rOM
C2-4- motor
scapular elevation
C5- motor
shoulder abduction
C6- motor
elbow flexion, wrist extension
C7- motor
elbow extension, wrist flexion
C8- motor
finger flexion
T1- motor
finger abduction
compression test/ spurling’s maneuver
- compression test- axial loading force caudally- + if upper extremity pain/ numbness
- spurling’s test-axial force in neutral, then extension, SB/rotation toward
neck distraction test
- place one hand under pt’s chin and other hand around occiput- distract the head
- test if alleviation of symptoms- indicates central compression or central neuroapthy
valsalva test
-pt holds breath and bears down- + test if increaed pain in nerve root distribution
thoracic outlet boundaries and structures
- 1st ribs, 1st thoracic vertebra, manubrium
- structures- brachial plexus, subclavian a and v
Roos or EAST test
EAST test (elevated arm stress test)
- compression of subclavian a
- abduct shoulder to 90, externally rotate with elbow flex to 90
- instruct pt to open and close fist for up to 3 min
- test if pain down arm, arm pallor, swelling, and cyanosis
Adson test
- neurovascular bundle (subclavian a) compressed by tight scalene m’s or 1st rib
- locate radial pulse. pt breathes deeply. doc abducts, extends, and externally rotates shoulder while palpating radial pulse; head is extended and rotated TWD affected side (1ST RIB)
- pt’s head is then extended and rotated AWAY rom affected side (SCALENES)
- test- change in pulse- compression of subclavian a. between scalenes, cervical rib, or 1st rib
wright’s hyperabduction test
NV bundle compressed by tight pectoralis minor
- Dr monitors radial pulse. stand behind seated pt and palpate radial pulse with 1 hand. abduct the pt’s arm above their head
- test- change in pulse, pain- NV entrapment by pectoralis minor m.
costoclavicular test (military/halstead) test
- extended shoulder and caudal pressure on shoulder, note radial pulse- NV bundle compressed by clavicle and rib 1
- pt seated with dr behind. contact ipsilateral wrist at radial pulse, extend shoulder, with elbow extended and wrist supinated and apply caudal pressure on the shoulder
- test- decrease in radial pulse- thoracic outlet syndrome due to decreased space between rib 1 and clavicle
nuchal rigidity
- place hands behind pt’s head and flex neck forward until chin touches chest. normally neck supple and easily bends forward
- test- marked neck stiffness/ resistance to flexion- found in cases of acute bacterial mengititis and subarachnoid hemorrhage
Brudzinski’s sign
- place hands behind pt’s head and flex neck forward until chin touches chest. normally neck supple and easily bends forward
- test- flexion in both hips and knees
C1 burst fracture
jefferson fracture
