Neck lumps Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the borders of the anterior neck triangle?
Superior = inferior border of the mandible
Lateral - anterior border of SCM
Medial - sagittal down the midline
List the subdivisions of the anterior neck triangle
- Carotid triangle
- Submental triangle
- Submandibular triangle
- Muscular triangle
What are the borders of the carotid triangle?
Superior - posterior belly of digastric
Lateral - medial border of SCM
Inferior - superior belly of omohyoid
What are the major components of the carotid triangle?
- Common carotid artery (it bifurcates here)
- Internal jugular vein
- Hypoglossal and vagus nerves
What are the borders of the submental triangle?
(Found under the chin)
Inferior - hyoid bone
Medial - midline
Lateral - anterior belly of digastric
What are the main components of the submental triangle?
Submental lymph nodes
What are the borders of the submandibular triangle?
Superior - body of mandible
Anterior - anterior belly of digastric
Posterior border - posterior belly of digastric
What are the main components of the submandibular triangle
- Submandibular gland and lymph nodes
- Facial artery and vein passes through
What are the borders of the muscular triangle?
Superior - hyoid bone
Medial - midline of the neck
Superolateral - superior belly of omohyoid
Inferolateral - inferior portion of SCM
What are the main components of the muscular triangle?
- Muscles and organs including: infrahyoid muscles, pharynx, thyroid and parathyroid gland
What are the borders of the posterior neck triangle?
Anterior - posterior border of SCM
Posterior - anterior border of trapezius
Inferior - middle 1/3 of the clavicle
What are the subdivisions of the posterior neck triangle?
- Occipital triangle
- Subclavian triangle
What structure splits up the posterior neck triangle into the subdivisions?
The omohyoid muscle (specifically the inferior belly)
Which posterior neck triangle is larger and positioned superiorly?
Occipital triangle
What are the muscular components of the posterior neck triangle?
- Omohyoid muscle
- Splenius cpitus
- Levator scapule
- Scalanes (anterior, middle and posterior)
What are the vascular components of the posterior neck triangle?
- External jugular vein
- Subclavian vein
- Transverse cervical and supracapsular
What are the nervous components of the posterior neck triangle?
- Accessory nerve
- Cervical plexus (phrenic plexus)
- Branchial plexus
What is the role of the lymphatic system
Drainage of tissue fluid, plasma proteins and cellular debris, along with immune functioning
What are the divisions of the lymphatic system
- Superficial vessels
- Deep vessels
What is the function of the superficial lymphatic vessels?
Drainage from the scalp, face and neck to pass it on to deep lymphatic vessels
What are the divisions of the deep lymphatic vessels?
Left jugular lymphatic trunk
Right jugular lymphatic trunk
Where do the deep lymphatic vessels direct lymph to?
The associated subclavian vein (left and right depending on the jugular lymphatic trunk)
List the superficial lymph nodes
Occipital Mastoid Preauricular Parotid Submental Submandibular Facial Superficial cervical
What is the function of the deep lymph nodes?
- Recieve all the lymph from the head and neck either directly or via the superficial lymph nodes
