Need To Know Flashcards by Lulu Tucker

Name four examples of materials made from plants

Cotton
Flax
Coir
Sisal

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What are the two types of natural fibres

Plant and animal

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Name four types of material made from animals

Silk
Wool
Angora
Mohair

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What are synthetic materials made from

Oil

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Name three examples of synthetic materials

Acrylic
Polyester
Nylon

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What fibre is made from wood pulp

Regenerated cellulose (viscose, acetate, modal)

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What are smart fibres

Materials that change when exposed to change in temperature pressure or light (eg. Thermochromic dyes)

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Properties of woven fabrics and two examples

Strong
Does not fray
Cool
Does not loose shape

Eg. Denim and corduroy

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What are the properties of knitted fabrics and two examples

Made from loops
Stretches
Looses shape
Unravels
Warm

Eg. Jersey and fleece

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What are the properties of non-woven fabrics and name two examples

Made from fibres which have not been spun
Weak
Easily torn
Cheap to produce

Eg. Felt and interfacing

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Name the functional characteristics

Strength
Durability
Crease/stain/water/flame resistant
Aftercare
Cost

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What are the comfort properties

Absorbency
Breathability 
Elasticity
Softness
Strength
Warmth

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What are the aesthetic properties

Handle
Drape
Colour
Appearance

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Why are fabrics mixed or blended

So that you can get a fabric with the performance characteristics you need

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Name the fabric finishing processes

Brushing
Calendaring
Chemical finishes
Stain/flame/water resistance

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Name four special finishing treatments

Anti-bacterial
Light sensitive
Deodorant
To black U-V rays

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Name some fabric decoration techniques

Embroidery
Screen printing
Tie dye
Batik
Appliqué
Block printing

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What is fixing

Making sure that the dye stays in the fabric (die any run when washed)
Done with heat, salt or other chemicals

What are components

Separately manufactured items that are added to a product (buttons, zips, lace, braid)

What are the four ways of shaping a garment

Darts
Tucks
Gathering
Elastication

Name the types of seams

Plain seam
French seam
Double stitched
Flat felled seam
Overlocked seam

What is the process of fibre to fabric

fibres twisted together by spinning to made yarn
yarn is knitted or woven to make fabrics
different ways of knitting or weaving change the type of fabric, altering the look, properties and feel

Types of woven fabric

Satin
Twill
Pile
Plain

Types of knitted fabric

Jersey
Double jersey
Velour
Fur fabric
Fleece

Types of non-woven fabrics

Interfacing Felt Bondaweb Wadding

What is a fabric finish

Applied to a fabric to approve its appearance, feel or other properties

What are the main types of finishing

Physical Chemical Biological Coated

Why are fabric finishes used

To improve the fabric in some way - improve the appearance, feel, drape - change the texture of the fabric - modify care requirements

What can smart materials do

- alter according to external stimulus | - change when temperature changes

What are interactive textiles

Involves including a circuit and micro-chip in a fabric so that it can act like a computer (eg. Hats and glove shat generate power through movement and then produce energy to keep the wearer warm)

Name five modern materials

Micro-encapsulation (smell contained in fibres) Kevlar (bullet proof vests) Polartec (biodegradable - from plastic bottles to make fleece fabric) Nomex (heat proof fabric - firefighters) Neoprene (synthetic rubber - wetsuits)

What is CAD

Computer aided design is any designing done by using a computer

What are 2 advantage and disadvantages of CAD

Adv. Quick to change scale or colours of design Designs can be sent to buyer for approval Dis. Very expensive to buy Designers have to be trained to use software

What is CAM

Computer aided manufacture is the making of textile products where the machine is controlled by the computer

Two advantages and disadvantages of CAM

Adv. Can work 24/7 Very accurate Dis. Very expensive to buy machine If machine breaks it will need specialist parts to repair it

What is quality control

Quality control checks are carried out when manufacturing a product to ensure that it is fit for purpose, week made and safe

Name 3 checks that can be done in quality control

- raw materials and components checked for faults - construction methods checked to make sure they are applied correctly - final product checked against a 'gold seal' prototype to ensure that it is the correct size, colour and fit

What is fair trading

Fairtrade means that producers get a fair, realistic price for their product that covers the cost of making it

What is the eco-label

The European Eco label can be used on products that contain no harmful substances and cause minimum damage to the environment

What are the six R's

``` Reduce Reuse Recycle Rethink Refuse Repair ```

What is a risk assesment

A systematic process if evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking

What is a Seam

A lien where tow pieces of fabric are seen together in a garment

What is sub-assembly

Collection of parts put together as a unit, to be used in the making of a larger assembly or a final or higher item