Nematoda

Question 1

what is a large subphylum that is characterized by the presence of a cuticle?

Answer 1

ecdysozoa

Question 2

what kind of coelom are nematodes?

Answer 2

Pseudocoelmate

Question 3

What kind of coelom are arthropods?

Answer 3

coelomate

Question 4

What ecdysozoa has these characteristics?
- free living or parasitic
- inhabit nearly every habitat
- pseudocoelmate
- circular cross-section
- tiny; less than 5cm long
- parasitic can reach more than 1m in length

Answer 4

Nematodes

Question 5

In nematode anatomy, what is the cuticle made of that is secreted by the epidermis?

Answer 5

collagen

Question 6

In nematode anatomy, what protects the worm from the external environment?

Answer 6

cuticle

Question 7

In nematode anatomy, what does the fluid filled pseudocoel serve as?

Answer 7

hydrostatic skeleton

Question 8

In nematode anatomy, what are the muscles layers made of?

Answer 8

Longitudinal muscles

Question 9

What is the movement of nematodes like?

Answer 9

Whiplike

Question 10

Are nematode digestive systems complete?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

What do nematode digestive systems have?

Answer 11

mouth, pharynx, intestine, rectum, and anus (MoPIRA)

Question 12

What do free-living nematodes feed on?

Answer 12

bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and algae (BYFA)

Question 13

What kind of metabolism do adult parasitic nematodes have?

Answer 13

anaerobic metabolism

Question 14

How many longitudinal nerve cords do most nematodes have?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

what do the nerve cords form when they fuse at the anterior end around the pharynx?

Answer 15

Pharyngeal nerve ring

Question 16

In nematode anatomy, what are complex chemosensory organs found near the head?

Answer 16

Amphids

Question 17

In parasitic nematode anatomy, what do they have instead of amphids?

Answer 17

phasmids

Question 18

What excretory structures do nematodes lack?

Answer 18

protonephridia

Question 19

What do nematodes have as excretory systems instead?

Answer 19

gland cells, canal system, or both

Question 20

Are nematodes dioecious or monoecious?

Answer 20

Most are dioecious

Question 21

Which nematode sex is bigger?

Answer 21

Females

Question 22

What kind of fertilization do nematodes have?

Answer 22

Internal

Question 23

For parasitic nematodes what kind of juveniles do they have?

Answer 23

free-living juveniles

Question 24

What is the most common nematode that is involved in human infections
- transmitted through contaminated soil
- larvae mature in lungs then move to throat to be swallowed
- 1-2 year life span
- feed on intestinal contents

Answer 24

Ascaris Lumbricoides

Question 25

What nematodes have a hook like anterior end - eggs passed through feces and juvenile feed on bacteria - infective juveniles burrow into human skin then to intestine where they feed on blood - cause anemia - may stunt child growth

Answer 25

Hookworms

Question 26

What nematode penetrate blood vessels - juveniles reach skeletal muscle cells, and direct gene expression - muscle cells become nurse cells - gained from consumption of raw/poorly cooked meats - infects many mammals - can be fatal

Answer 26

Trichinella (causes trichinellosis)

Question 27

What nematode cause relatively little disease - most common parasite in the US - adults live in large intestines - eggs laid in anus - itch can cross-contaminate bedclothes and hands

Answer 27

Pinworms (enterobius vermicularis)

Question 28

What nematode causes elephantiasis that makes parts of the body swell?

Answer 28

Filarial worm; Wuchereria bancrofti

Question 29

What nematode causes disease in dogs?

Answer 29

Filarial worms; heartworms