Nematodes - General

Question 1

Flatworms aka

Answer 1

(platyhelminths)

Question 2

Trematodes aka

Answer 2

(flukes)

Question 3

Cestodes aka

Answer 3

(tapeworms)

Question 4

Thorny-headed worms

Answer 4

(acanthocephalins)

Question 5

Roundworms

Answer 5

(nematodes)

Question 6

Largest number of helminths parasitizing human belong
• Unsegmented worms, elongate, and cylindrical both ends
are often pointed
• Size varies

Answer 6

NEMATODES

Question 7

smallest size of nematodes and name

Answer 7

<5 mm

Trichinella

Question 8

Longest up to what size & name

Answer 8

1m (Dracunculus)

Question 9

Largest Nematode

Answer 9

(Dioctophyma renale)

Question 10

Largest common nematode

Answer 10

(Ascaris)

Question 11

body covering of nematodes

Answer 11

covered with a tough cuticle/integument

• Usually smooth
• Serves as a tough, flexible covering

Question 12

body cavity of nematodes

• pseudecoele
• presence/absence of circulatory system
• respiration thru ___
• movement thru ___

Answer 12

• Pseudocoele – all visceral organ are suspended contains
fluid (oxyhemoglobin)
• Lacks Circulatory System
• Respiration through diffusion
• Movement through a hydrostatic skeletal system

Question 13

excretory system

• # of lateral canals
• close/open @ posterior end
• close/open thru a ventral excretory pore

Answer 13

• Two lateral canals
• Close at the posterior end
• Open through a ventral excretory pore

Question 14

Which gender has curved posterior end

Answer 14

males

Question 15

which gender has copulatory spicules

Answer 15

males

Question 16

which is smaller, males or females

Answer 16

males

Question 17

3 layers of eggs

Answer 17

CVA (curriculum vitae application)

o Vitelline membrane
o Chorionic true shell
o Albuminous covering

Question 18

for ____________:
Eggs when oviposited may contain:
A single blastomere

Answer 18

(Ascaris, Trichuris)

Question 19

for ____________:
Eggs when oviposited may contain:
Early Stage of cleavage

Answer 19

Hookworm

Question 20

for ____________:
Eggs when oviposited may contain:
Partly advanced in development

Answer 20

(Strongyloides)

Question 21

for ____________:
Eggs when oviposited may contain:
Nearly mature

Answer 21

(embryonated-E. vermicularis)

Question 22

for ____________:
Eggs when oviposited may contain:
Discharged first larva from the uterus

Answer 22

(Trichinella,

Dracunculus)

Question 23

term for female nematodes giving birth to larva

Answer 23

Viviparous

Question 24

term for female nematodes laying eggs

Answer 24

Oviparous

Question 25

3 types of eggs (oviparous)

Answer 25

(USE) o Unsegmented Eggs o Segmented eggs o Embryonated eggs

Question 26

STAGES OF NEMATODES

Answer 26

* 4 larval stage | * 1 adult stage

Question 27

EXIT OF NEMATODE EGGS/LARVAE FROM THE | HOST

Answer 27

* Hatch on the perianal or perineal skin * Embryonate in soil * Skin penetration * Malaria

Question 28

term for female nematodes laying eggs and hatching immediately

Answer 28

Ovoviviparous

Question 29

MODES OF TRANSMISSION • Ingestion of __, __, __ • Skin Penetration through __, __ • Inhalation of dust containing __

Answer 29

embryonated eggs, growing embryos, encysted larvae filariform larvae and blood sucking vectors embryonated eggs

Question 30

optimum host of most nematodes

Answer 30

man

Question 31

nematodes require __ host/s (#) except:

Answer 31

only 1 Except: (FD)  Filaria – 2  Dracunculus - 2

Question 32

MODES OF ATTACHMENT OF ADULT WORMS

Answer 32

* Bite of intestinal mucosa * Anchor to the intestinal mucosa through the attenuated end * Temporary attachment or retention in the folds of the mucosa * Penetration of the tissue

Question 33

NUTRITION

Answer 33

(BBLIF-badboylif) * Biting with toothlike structures * Ingestion of blood * Lysis of tissues * Feeding on intestinal contents * Body fluids

Question 34

METABOLISM

Answer 34

Anaerobic and aerobic • Lack of O2=prevents embryonation of ova in the GIT • Ova and larvae of most nematodes require O2 for their development

Question 35

what prevents embryonation of ova in the GIT

Answer 35

Lack of O2

Question 36

Female T.spiralis is passed out in ___ after being | sexually exhausted

Answer 36

4-5 weeks

Question 37

E. vermicularis has a life span of ____

Answer 37

1-2 months

Question 38

Ascaris lives upto ___ years and hookworms after ___ years

Answer 38

14; 7

Question 39

Loaloa microfilaria survives for ____years

Answer 39

15

Question 40

POLYOPARASITISM Common species: make HASTTE

Answer 40

``` o Triumvirate o Trichuris o Asacris o Hookworm o Strongyloides o Enterobius ```

Question 41

Habitat of the adult worm SCS - San Carlos School

Answer 41

small intestine cecum/vermiform appendix somatic (inside tissues and organs

Question 42

where do these reside ``` Ascaris lumbricoides  Ancyclostoma duodenale  Necator americanus  Strongyloides stercoralis  Trichinella spiralis ```

Answer 42

Small intestine

Question 43

where do these reside o Enterobius vermicularis o Trichuris trichiura

Answer 43

Cecum/Vermiform Appendix

Question 44

part of somatic

Answer 44

``` Lymphatic System Subcutaneous tissue Lungs Mesentery Conjunctiva ```

Question 45

where do these reside  Wuchereria bancrofti  B.Brugia malayi

Answer 45

Lymphatic System | WB- welome back sa nag limp

Question 46

where do these reside  Loaloa  Onchocerca volvulus  Dracunculus medinensis

Answer 46

Subcutaneous tissue pa SUBscribe. LODi

Question 47

where does this reside  Strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 47

Lungs | stay STRONG ka LUNGs

Question 48

where do these reside  Acanthacheinema perstans  Mansonella ozardi

Answer 48

Mesentery AM a MES

Question 49

where does this reside  Loaloa

Answer 49

Conjunctiva