Neonatal Examination Flashcards
(22 cards)
why must the exam be done as soon as possible?
establish a baseline
APGAR score
Appearance (Color):
0: Blue, pale, or bluish-gray all over.
1: Body is pink, but extremities are blue.
2: Pink all over.
Pulse (Heart Rate):
0: Absent heartbeat.
1: Heart rate less than 100 beats per minute.
2: Heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute.
Grimace (Reflex Irritability):
0: No response to stimulation.
1: Grimace or weak cry.
2: Cry or sneeze when stimulated.
- Activity (Muscle Tone):
0: Limp and floppy.
1: Some flexion of arms and legs.
2: Active movement.
Respiration (Breathing Effort):
0: No breathing.
1: Irregular, weak breathing.
2: Strong cry.
what measurements should be taken?
weight
crown heel length
head circumference
Normal newborn breathing
diaphragmatic
is cyanosis normal
peripheral, but central can be easily corrected with PPV
normal resp and heart rate
RR = 40-60
HR = 120-140
normal glucose
2.6-4
normal rash on day 2-3 of life
erythema toxicum and resolves on own
what might place a neonate at risk for jaundice
traumatic delivery –> haemorrhage –> haemolysis
why are sutures palpated?
for molding and trauma
absence of red reflex
neonatal cataracts
how long are neonates obligate nose breathers
up to 3m
radio-femoral delay
- left sided heat defects
- aortic co-arctation
umbilicus has…
2 arteries and 1 vein
- do renal U/S if abnormal
scaphoid abdomen
diaphragmatic hernia
abdominal distension
obstruction e.g. meconium ileum
normal discharge from genitalia
non-purulent, pink
micropenis
less than 2.5cm
sacral dimple concerning features
higher up
tuffs of hair
overlying skin changes
non-spontaneous muscle movements
potential nerve injury or fracture
frog like position
hypotonia - no resistence in ventral postion
