Neonatal Final

Question 1

The umbilical cord consists of 3 things

Answer 1

1 umbilical vein, 2 umbilical arteries, Whorten’s jelly

Question 2

What is the best measurement of tissue hypoxia?

Answer 2

SVO2

Question 3

In the fetus, oxygenated blood comes from the placenta to the fetus via the ___

Answer 3

Umbilical vein

Question 4

At what week is the diaphragm completely developed?

Answer 4

Week 7

Question 5

What is the normal HR for an infant?

Answer 5

120-160

Question 6

What is normal RR in the neonate?

Answer 6

30-40

Question 7

What is the primary center for gas exchange in a fetus?

Answer 7

Placenta

Question 8

Name at least 2factors that stimulate a newborn infant to take it’s first breath

Answer 8

Tactile stimulation, acidosis, hypoxia, cold air

Question 9

If a premature baby has an L/S ratio of 1:1, what disease will they probably develop?

Answer 9

RDS

Question 10

What causes the foramen ovale to close at birth?

Answer 10

Pressure becomes higher on the left side of the heart compared to the right side of the heart

Question 11

What causes the ductus arterioles to close at birth?

Answer 11

Increase PaO2

Question 12

What is the blade of choice when intubating a neonate?

Answer 12

Miller

Question 13

If a transcutaneous monitor is placed on the thorax of a day 2 old neonate and is reading 80 torr. A second transcutaneous monitor is placed the left thigh and is reading 50 torr. This would most likely be due to:

Answer 13

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Question 14

What disease causes most neonatal mortality?

Answer 14

HMD or RDS

Question 15

What is the correct temperature to set a transcutaneous monitor at for s term infant?

Answer 15

43.5 degrees celcius

Question 16

How does hypoxemia affect PVR?

Answer 16

Increases it

Question 17

If a newborn has an Apgar score of 4 at one minute and 1 at 5 minutes, how would you treat this baby?

Answer 17

Intubation and ventilate

Question 18

What is the primary etiologic agent causing epiglottitis?

Answer 18

Hemophilus Influenza

Question 19

Respiratory distress syndrome is characterized by:

Answer 19

Atelectasis

Question 20

Retrolental fibroplasia is caused by:

Answer 20

High PaO2 levels for extended periods of time

Question 21

Laryngotracheal bronchitis is another name for:

Answer 21

Croup

Question 22

What is the common scoring method used to assess neonates at birth?

Answer 22

APGAR

Question 23

In the fetal heart, the foramen oval is between____

Answer 23

Right and left atria

Question 24

Ground glass appearance on a chest x-ray indicates what disease?

Answer 24

RDS

Question 25

What is the desirable PaO2 for an infant?

Answer 25

50-70 torr

Question 26

Name at least 2 symptoms of RDS?

Answer 26

Grunting, retractions, cyanosis, nasal flaring, tachypnea, tachycardia

Question 27

What is the one parameter that can tell you when to begin mechanical ventilation?

Answer 27

PaCO2

Question 28

Minimum flow through an oxyhood is ___ LPM

Answer 28

7 LPM

Question 29

Name the 5 parameters that are assessed in the APGAR scoring method

Answer 29

Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration

Question 30

What can a mother be given before delivery of a premature infant to help stimulate surfactant production?

Answer 30

Steroids

Question 31

Given a RR of 35 an an I time of 0.5 seconds, calculate an I:E ratio

Answer 31

1:2.4

Question 32

Given a RR of 32 and a I:E of 1:1.5, calculate I time

Answer 32

0.75 seconds

Question 33

What is the highest FIO2 that can be achieved in a mist tent?

Answer 33

50%

Question 34

The different between systolic and diastolic blood pressure defines:

Answer 34

Pulse pressure

Question 35

Name at least 2 potential hazards of high oxygen concentrations administered to infant

Answer 35

BPD RLF Oxygen toxicity

Question 36

Aspiration is most common in what age group?

Answer 36

6 months to 3 years

Question 37

The reversal of a narcotic can be treated with

Answer 37

Narcan or Naloxone

Question 38

What parameter of a capillary blood gas does not correlate with and arterial blood gas?

Answer 38

PaO2

Question 39

What is the best method of oxygen delivery in an infant who requires a precise FIO2?

Answer 39

Oxyhood

Question 40

If an infant has long periods of crying, causing them to lose their nasal CPAP pressure, what would you recommend in this situation?

Answer 40

Deliver CPAP with an ETT

Question 41

Give normal PaO2

Answer 41

80-100 torr

Question 42

Give normal PaCO2

Answer 42

35-45 torr

Question 43

Give normal HCO3

Answer 43

22-26 meq/L

Question 44

Give normal SVO2

Answer 44

70-75%

Question 45

Give normal PVO2

Answer 45

40 torr

Question 46

Give normal PAO2

Answer 46

100 torr

Question 47

Give normal A-aDO2

Answer 47

Less than 20 torr

Question 48

Give normal PVCO2

Answer 48

46 torr

Question 49

Give normal C.O.

Answer 49

4-8 LPM

Question 50

Give normal CaO2

Answer 50

20 vol%

Question 51

Give normal CvO2

Answer 51

15 vol%

Question 52

Give normal VD/VT

Answer 52

33%

Question 53

Give normal pH

Answer 53

7.35-7.45