Neonatal, maternal mortality and inequalities Flashcards
(26 cards)
What are some of the risks for humans during birth?
Large size of infant and head
How much higher is the mortality rate for Abriginal abd Torres Strait Islander mothers in Australia?
> 2x higher
How much greater is pretern birth for African- American and African Carribean mothers?
1.65 greater
How much greater are the odds of small gestational size for babies born to African-American and African-Carribean mothers?
1.39 greater
How much higher are the odds of a stillbirth?
2.16x higher
How much higher are the odds of neonatal death?
2.00x higher
What are some potential contributing factors?
Discrimination and stress
How much higher is Australia’s stillbirth rate?
30% higher than other developed countries
What are some ways that stillbirths may be preventable?
Greater education for expecting mothers and also improved healthcare practice (monitoring, valuing maternal instinct)
What percent of women who experienced stillbirths percieved a change in foetal movement prior to the diagnosis?
55%
What are some examples of newborn healthchecks?
APGAR
BRAZELTON
What is a leading indicator of both survival and healthy development?
Low birth weight
Why do pre-term infants fare better than small for date and they are vulnerable due to what?
Underdeveloped physical systems, such as the ability to feed, breathe, immune system
What are some survival relfexes that babies are born with?
Sucking or rooting, the moro reflex and grasping
Neonatal reflexes are a precursor to what?
Voluntary movements, support learning, indicator of normal and healthy functioning
What is the most underdeveloped sense at birth?
Sight
What senses are well developed at birth?
Touch and taste
What tastes do babies typically prefer?
Sweet tastes
What has been the primary means of providing sustenance to newborns throughout our evolutionary history?
Breastfeeding
What is the reccomended amount of time to breastfeed and when should solid foods be introduced according to WHO?
Breastfeeding for 2 years and solid food should be introduced at appromimetely 6 months
What are some benefits of breastfeeding?
Protection against disease
Enhanced cognitive development
Reduced obesity
Long term health outcomes
What are breastfeeding rates influenced by?
Social systems
Culture
Education
Maternal health
Neccessary supports
What is the primary form of communication for babies?
Crying
What are some forms of sensory stimulation that can be effective and introduced to babies?
Change position
Rocking
Singing
Run a bath
New sights or sounds
