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Nurs 104 > Neonate > Flashcards

Neonate Flashcards

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0
Q

Erythema Toxicum?

A

skin rash, bb acne, goes away without tx, not serious

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1
Q

Acrocyanosis?

A

Persistant blue/cyanotic discoloration of extremities

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2
Q

Milia?

A

little white bumps on nose, common, blocked sweat glands

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3
Q

Vernix Caseosa?

A

waxlike cheese like coating on newborn

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4
Q

Telangiectatic Nevi?

A

Stork Bites, flat-deep pink localized areas of cap dilation on back of neck

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5
Q

Mongolian Spots?

A

flat,grey blue areas, small/large, common on dark skinned bbs

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6
Q

Nevus Flammeus?

A

Birth mark resulting from cap malformation in skin

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7
Q

Nevus Vasculosus?

A

benign tumor from newly formed BV

result of angioblastic tissue malformation

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8
Q

What is abg length of neonate?

A

50cm

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9
Q

What is average weight of Neonate?

A

3.5kg

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10
Q

What is head circumference of neonate?

A

35cm

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11
Q

What kind of cry is normal for Neonate?

A

Lusty cry

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12
Q

How many vessels should umbilical cord have?

How long is avg umbilical cord?

A

3

50cm

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13
Q

What should neonates body position be?

A

well flexed

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14
Q

Why is the first 24 hours critical for newborns?

A

transition from intra–>extrauterine

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15
Q

Normal Breathing rate of neonate?

A

30-60 breaths/min

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16
Q

3 Factors opposing bb first breath?

A

Alveolar surface tension - surfactant
viscosity of lung fluid within resp tract
degree of lung compliance

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17
Q

Why is first breath hardest?

A

allows alveolar sacs to expand

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18
Q

What is the initial Assessment as birth?

A

breathing should be spontaneous

mom bb bonding

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19
Q

after baby is born what is the first thing that happens?

A

placed on warm dry towel on moms tummy

while bonding dr clamps and cuts cord and nrs dries bb

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20
Q

Normal Heart reate for bb?

A

120-160

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21
Q

Why does nurse dry bb after delivery?

A

temp control

tactile stimulation

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22
Q

Why is it hard for bb to maintain a balance with temp regulation?

A

decreased subcutaneous fat/thin epidermis

BVs close to skin

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23
Q

What helps decrease temperature loss?

A

Flexed position due to decrease SA

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24
Increased oxygen consumption and metabolism in a newborn causes what?
greater heat production
25
How much more heat does a new born lose than adult?
4x
26
4 ways heat loss in bb takes place?
Convection Radiation Evaporation Conduction
27
Example of convection?
AC
28
Example of Radiation?
bb on cold surface
29
Example of evaporation?
amniotic fluid or and moisture on bb
30
Conduction example?
like radiation but smaller, cold hands/stehoscope
31
How do bbs lose most heat?
radiation and convection because large bodysurface :weight ratio
32
How do bbs respond to cool environments? Thermogenesis-->heat production?
increased BMR muscular activity Chemical Thermogenesis - nonshivering thermogenesis
33
What is nonshivering thermogenesis?
metabolizing nb store brown adipose tissues for heat appears at 26 30 weeks found around most vital organs
34
How to take temperature of Neonate?
axilla (36.5-37.2)
35
Where is bb put for initial assessment?
under radiant warmer
36
Apgar Score?
``` Heart Rate Respiratory Effort Muscle Tone Body color Reflex Irritability ```
37
Apgar Heart Rate?
0 absent 1 100> 2 100-160
38
Respiratory Effort Apgar Scoring?
0 - no breathing for 1+mins 1 - irreg/slow 2 - good with norm crying
39
Muscle Tone?
0 limp flacid 1 weak inactive, so flexion 2 Strong inactive motion
40
Body Color Apgar Scoring?
0 blue/pale 1 body pink, extremities blue 2 - pink
41
Reflex irritability Apgar?
0 no response 1 grimace 2 cough/sneeze/cry
42
What to observe for in newborn bb for initial assessment?
Body sym, make sure everything is there
43
What to include in initial assessment?
``` Apgar observe body for everything head circumference temp wrap in warm blanket ```
44
What to give bb within one hr?
Vitamin K injection | Erythromycin eye ointment
45
Vitamen K injection, what is it for?
avoid bleeding problems, due to absence of normal folra in gut that synthesizes vit k
46
What is erythromycin eye ointment for?
treat against infection/prevent
47
What is plethera?
ruddy hue due to increase of rbc and limited subcutaneous fat deposits
48
Iron and bb?
iron is stored for first 5 months then after supplements or food are given to prevent anemia
49
how is bilirubin conjugated? where is it excreted?
unconjugated until it can bind with albumin in blood dream then called conjugated/direct stool
50
What causes Jaundice to occur? When?
caused by accelerated destruction of fetal rbc and inability to conjugate increased amounts of bilirubin 2-3 day after delievery
51
What are signs of jaundice? How is it prevented?
press on forehead or nose and observe blanding/icterus feed bb every three hours
52
What are the 3 Transitions of neonate stool?
Meconium - thick tarry black/green 8-24hrs Transitional - Thin Brown/green 48-72hrs Breastfed - pale, yellow, liquid/frequent, can occer every 5-7days
53
Urinary function of bb? What to expect?
93% void in 24 hrs pink stains may appear in male diapers b/c of urates blood on femal diapers -pseudomenstration
54
How many wet diapers a day is adequate?
``` 1 day=1 2day=2 3day=3 4day=4 5+days=4-6 ```
55
Neurological assessment of reflexes?
``` sucking grasping stepping/walking Moro (starle rooting - turn to breast when rub cheek Babinki - bb flares toes and down to finger going down sole of foot ```
56
Whens best time for breastfeeding?
when first born, wide awak, most interested
57
How many hours should breastfeed?
3
58
What are the 2 sleep states experience in the first 24 hours?
Deep/quiet | active REM
59
What are alert states experienced after 24 hours of a bb?
drowsy/semi dozing wide awake active awake crying
60
Signs of distress in New borns?
``` Resp rate 60+ sternal retractions nostril flare grunting excess mucus facial grimacing cyanosis abdominal distension/mass vomiting bile no meconium/urine in first 24 hours jaundice within first 24 hyperthermia/hypo jitteriness/low glucose levels ```
61
What is the BC NB screening progra,
screens 18 disorders, 40 bb a year have disorder in bc Congenital hypothyroidism, cystic fibrosis, PKU Standard care unless declined blood taken 24 hrs after birth will identify over 80% of disordered and prevents life threating events
62
Ductus Venus?
bypassess liver
63
Foramen Ovale?
allows blood from right=-->left atrium
64
Ductus Arteriosus?
bypasses pumonary
65
Umbilical Vein?
O2/nutrient rich blood
66
Umbilical Cord?
waste products/co2

Nurs 104 (7 decks)

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