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Neurology > Neoplasms and Syncope > Flashcards

Neoplasms and Syncope Flashcards

(52 cards)

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1
Q

What has the highest rate of neoplasms across all ages?

A

Meningioma

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2
Q

Where does most malignant brain tumors probably originate from?

A

benign precursors

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3
Q

Where does meningiomas originate from?

A

dura mater and arachnoid

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4
Q

Meningiomas ???? rather than invade surrounding tissue?

A

compress

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5
Q

Malignant meningiomas are

A
  • locally aggressive

- high rate of reoccurrence or progression

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6
Q

What is the 2nd most common brain tumor?

A

Globlastoma

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7
Q

How many brain tumors are malignant?

A

1/3

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8
Q

How many brain tumors are borderline malignant or benign?

A

2/3

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9
Q

What are the 4 types of Meningiomas?

A
  • stable asymptomatic
  • symptomatic
  • atypical meningiomas
  • malignant
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10
Q

Where does the gilomas arise from?

A

glial cells

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11
Q

What is the majority of primary tumors in brain?

A

Gliomas

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12
Q

What is the most common cancer in children?

A

Leukemia

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13
Q

What is the most common solid malignancy in childeren

A

brain cancer

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14
Q

What is the most common primary malignant?

A

Glioblastoma

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15
Q

What is the most common symptom of a tumor?

A

Nausea and vomiting

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16
Q

Pain with coughing and sneezing is a sign of ?

A

Increase intracranial pressure (ICP)

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17
Q

Seizures are more common in what tumors?

A

gliomas and cerebral metastases

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18
Q

Seizures are more common in what tumors?

A

gliomas and cerebral metastases

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19
Q

Syncope is due to what?

A

increase in significant elevation of ICP, cutting off cerebral blood supply

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20
Q

What 3 cognitive dysfunction is seen?

A
  • Personality changes
  • Intellectual decline
  • Emotional lability
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21
Q

What is required for checking symptoms?

Study These Flashcards
A

COMPLETE PHYSICAL EXAM, including NEUROLOGIC

22
Q

What is aphasia?

Study These Flashcards
A

disorder of language function, not of vocalization

23
Q

What is apraxia?

Study These Flashcards
A

inability to perform purposeful movements

24
Q

What 4 deficits are seen in the frontal lobe?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • intellectual decline
  • personality changes
  • expressive aphasia
  • anosmia- CNII
25
What causes brain herniation?
increased ICP
26
What is the most common herniation and dangerous?
Transtentorial herniation
27
What procedure is contraindicated in patients?
Lumbar puncture
28
What diagnostic of choice for tumors?
Neuroimaging
29
What is the imaging of choice for tumors?
Gadolinium enhanced MRI
30
Low grade gliomas are:
-infiltrating hemispheric lesion w/ little mass effect
31
What is mid-line shift?
space occupying lesion pushing the tissue
32
What do you have to have to make a diagnosis?
histologic diagnosis
33
What is more common than primary neoplasms?
Metastases
34
What location is the most common for metastases?
lungs
35
What are the 3 most common metastases in children?
Sarcomas Neuroblastoma Germ cell tumors
36
Txt for stable asymptomatic meningiomas?
-Repeat imaging 3-6mo, if stable, annually
37
Txt Symptomatic of malignant and atypical meningiomas?
resection and RT
38
Txt high grade gliomas?
``` agressive resection PLUS Postoperative radiation therapy PLUS Chemotherapy ```
39
What is Aphasia most commonly seen in?
Ischemic stroke
40
What is the hallmark of IIH?
Papilledema
41
What is the most common compliant of IIH?
headache
42
Pseudotumor Cerebri=
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH)
43
What is the pathogenesis of IIH?
idiopathic
44
What is the imaging of choice for IIH?
MRI w/ MR venography (MRV)
45
What is the first thing that needs to be done to rule out intracranial masses?
Urgent imaging
46
LP over ? is elevated
>250 mmH20
47
What criteria is used for IIH?
Dandy
48
What are the two major goals of IIH txt?
- Alleviation of symptoms | - Preservation of vision
49
First line of txt for IIH?
Acetazolamide (Diamox)
50
What is the worse major morbidity of IIH?
Permanent vision loss
51
Low grade I-II tumors are
well differentiated, not anaplastic, tend to be benign, better prognosis
52
High grade III-IV tumors are
undifferentiated, anaplastic, malignant, worse prognosis

Neurology (6 decks)

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