Neoplastic myelopathies Flashcards
(36 cards)
Extradural
- Outside the dura
Intradural-Extramedullary
– Inside the dura but not inside the cord
Intramedullary
- Inside the cord
Which tumors tend to be extradural?
- Vertebral tumors (sarcoma, lymphosarcoma, multiple myeloma)
Which tumors tend to be intradural-extramedullary?
- Meningiomas*** (most common in dogs)
- LSA
- Nephroblastoma
Which tumors tend to be intramedullary?
- Oligodendrogliomas
- Astrocytomas
- LSA
Signalment of most neoplastic myelopathies?
- Adult/geriatric
Signalment possibility of lymphoma
- Young cats
Signalment possibility of nephroblastoma
- 8 months of age
- Chronic, progressive history
- Patient that gets better on steroids but worse off is like a cancer patient until proven otherwise
History of neoplastic myelopathies
- Chronic, progressive neurological deficits noted by owners
- May have previously improved with steroid therapy
PE of neoplastic myelopathies
- May be normal (majority don’t met anywhere else; more likely for another tumor to met to the spinal cord)
- Assess for presence of comorbidities (murmurs, orthopedic disease)
- Evidence of metastasis or a primary mass or tumor
Neuro exam with neoplasia
- Depends on localization
Diagnostic work up with neoplasia
- Minimal data base (usually normal)
- Radiographs
- MRI +/- CSF
Which tumor type can cause hyperglobulinemia and proteinuria?
- Multiple myeloma
Treatment for neoplastic myelopathy
- Might depend on the tumor
- Supportive - pain control, steroids (at an anti-inflammatory dose)
- Surgical and/or radiation therapy
What is the most common spinal cord tumor?
- Meningiomas
Where do meningiomas arise from, and what does this make the classification of their tumor?
- Arise from meninges
- Intramural/extramedullary
Where are meningiomas most common?
- Cervical spinal cord
Breeds predisposed to meningiomas
- Boxers and Goldens predisposed
Diagnosis of meningiomas
- MRI (and CT)
Who tends to get lymphoma?
- Localization of lymphoma
- Younger cats that are often FeLV +
- Can do whatever it wants
What should you think if nerve root enlargement is one sided?
- Nerve sheath tumor
WHat hsould you think if nerve root enlargement is bilateral?
- Often lymphoma
Lymphoma in CNS prognosis
- Poor prognosis often regardless of what you do or how aggressive you are
