Nepal n Japan earthquake

Question 1

Key facts on Japan

Answer 1

March 2011
Magnitude of 9.0
Under the Pacific Ocean.
Due to destructive plate between North American plate and Pacific Plate
HIC

Question 2

Japan Primary effects

Answer 2

• 4 million in north-east were left without electricity and 1.5 without water
• Fukashima - dam burst close to prefectural capital
• Violent shaking for 5 mins causing buildings to collapse

Question 3

Japan Secondary effects

Answer 3

• 10m high tsunami was caused leading to 18,000 deaths and 500,000 homeless
• 560km2 of coast land (Farmland ) destroyed
• Explosion at Fukushima nuclear power plant lead to evacuation on 100,000 people due to fear of radioactive leaks
• Total damage of around 235 (dollars) billion

Question 4

Japan immediate responses

Answer 4

• 100,000 members of the japanese self defence force to find survivors
• 500,000 people evacuated to higher ground
• railway and roads restored

Question 5

Japan Long term responses

Answer 5

early 2015 most debris had been cleared and new construction was beginning
- 2020 nearly 30,000 units of public housing had been completed
- 2013 an upgraded tsunami warning system and higher sea walls put in place

Question 6

Nepal main facts

Answer 6

25 April 2015
Measuring 7.9 on richter scale
Destructive plate margin
LIC

Question 7

Nepal Primary effects

Answer 7

• 9000 people died with 20,000 injured
• 3 million people left homeless
• 1.4 million people needed food, water and shelter for weeks
• 7000, schools and hospitals destroyed

Question 8

Secondary effects Nepal

Answer 8

• Ground shaking triggered landslides and avalanches blocking roads and stopping relief efforts
• An avalanche in LangTang left 250 people missing
• Landslide on Kali river was blocked and people were evacuated in fear of flooding

Question 9

Primary effects

Answer 9

Caused by ground shaking and can include deaths and injuries associated with the collapse of buildings and infustructure such as elevated roads

Question 10

Secondary effects

Answer 10

Associated with things triggered by ground shaking such as landslides, avalanches, fires and tsunami. these cause destruction and loss of life.

Question 11

Immediate responses

Answer 11

focus on search and rescue teams providing emergency aid

Question 12

long term responses

Answer 12

This involve re-building and reconstruction, returning society to ‘normal’ and reducing future risk

Question 13

Nepal immediate response

Answer 13

• Estimates 1.4 million needed water food and shelter.
• Helicopters rescued many people caught on mount Everest
• 300,000 people migrated from Kathmandu to seek shelter
• Field hospitals were set up by the red cross more the half million tents were set up

Question 14

Nepal long term responses

Answer 14

2018 Nepal adopted a new National Disaster risk reduction policy to increase future resilience
- By the end of 2015 most road access had been cleared, trekking routes to Mount Everest restored good source of income
- UNESCO is working with the gov to restore 700 damaged temples, palaces and museums.