Nephritic Syndrome

Question 1

What are the features of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 1

Urinalysis shows proteins and blood:

Proteinuria and haematuria

Question 2

What are some causes of nephritic syndrome?

Answer 2

IgA Nephropathy and HSP (systemic features)
Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
Good Pastures Disease (Anti-GBM)
Lupus Nephritis (ANA)
ANCA associated vasculitis (e.g Wenger’s, Churg Straus)

Question 3

What are the features that a patient with nephritis syndrome may present with?

Answer 3

Proteinuria(<3g/24hr or ACR <350ng/mol)
Haematuria
Hypertension (as causes fluid overload)
Systemic features due to cause- e.g. rash, haemoptysis, recurrent nose bleeds

Question 4

What is investigations might you request if suspecting nephritic syndrome?

Answer 4

Immunology- ANA, ANCA, Anti-GBM
Renal Biopsy (under USS Guidance)

Question 5

What is the management for nephritic syndrome?

Answer 5

Depends on the cause

General Measures
- Reduce other risk factors for renal disease: HTN management (not ACEi or ARBs), Stop smoking, Diuretics if fluid overloaded, salt and fluid restriction

Immunosuppression