Nephrolithiasis Flashcards
(30 cards)
Prevalence:
3%
Rate of recurrence in the first year:
10%
Rate of recurrence in 5 years:
35%
Rate of recurrence in 10 years:
50-60%
Genre most affected:
Male
Age most affected:
20-40 years old
Personal and Family history, Low water intake, Acid urine, Gout, HAS and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection:
Risk Factors
Composition of 70-80% of the Kidney stones:
Calcium salts
Calcium salts:
Calcium oxalate and fosfate
Types of Calcium oxalate:
Monohydrate and Dihydrate
Composition of 10-20% of the Kidney stones:
Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate)
Kidney stones related with urease producing bacteria:
Struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate)
Composition of 5-10% of the Kidney stones:
Uric Acid
Medullary Sponge Kidney, Horseshoe kidney and Pyelocalyceal duplicity:
Anatomic alterations related to formation fo kidney stones
Nucleation Inhibitors:
Water intake, Citrate and Magnesium
Physiological points of constriction of the ureter:
Pelvi-ureteric junction, Middle of the ureter and Ureterovesical junction
Renal colic duration:
20-60min
Severe lumbar/flank pain radiating to the groin or testicle, Nausea and vomiting, Tachicardia and Hypertension and Hematuria:
Renal colic
Flank pain with Giordano+:
Kidney stone in the pelvi-ureteric junction
Flank pain radiating to the ipsilateral groin or testicle:
Kidney stone in the middle of the ureter
Dysuria, polaciuria and urethral pain with Giordano+-:
Ureterovesical junction
Hematuria in Nephrolithiasis:
90%
Progressive hydronephrosis suggests:
Obstruction
Staghorn calculus always need:
Interventional therapy
