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PLE - Internal Medicine > Nephrology > Flashcards

Nephrology Flashcards

1
Q

Normal size of the kidneys

A

9 cm with cortical thickness of 1.2 to 1.5

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2
Q

Indications for Dialysis

A

Acidosis, Electrolyte Imbalance, Intoxication, Overload, Uremia

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3
Q

Hematuria with RBC Cast and dysmorphic RBCs

A

Acute Nephritic Syndrome

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4
Q

Heavy Proteinuria with Microscopic Hematuria

A

Nephrotic Syndrome

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5
Q

Ominous sign of irreversibility and progression to renal failure

A

Interstitial Fibrosis

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6
Q

RPGN with Pulmonary involvement

A

Goodpasture’s Disease

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7
Q

Lumpy Bumpy appearance due to subepithelial immune deposits

A

Acute Poststrep GN

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8
Q

Synpharyngitic Hematuria

A

IgA Nephropathy

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9
Q

Most common GN in HIV

A

FSGS

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10
Q

Most common Nephrotic Syndrome in Adults

A

Membranous Nephropathy

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11
Q

Tram-track appearance

A

MPGN Type 1

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12
Q

Nodular fibrosis characterized by Kimmelsteil-Wilson lesion

A

DM nephropathy

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13
Q

Hematuria with thinning and spillting of GBM, mild proteinuria, chronic glomerulosclerosis and sensorineural hearing deafness

A

Alport Syndrome

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14
Q

Light Chain cast Nephropathy

A

Myeloma Kidney

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15
Q

Glycosuria, Amino aciduria, Bicarbonaturia, Phosphaturia, Uricosuria due to this disease of the Proximal Tubule

A

Fanconi Syndrome

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16
Q

Caused by mutations that inactivate the loop diuretic-sensitive NKCC2 cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of Henle

A

Bartter Syndrome

17
Q

Mutations that inactivate the thiazide diuretic sensitive NCC cotransporter with prominent muscular signs and symptoms

A

Gitelman syndrome

18
Q

Genetic cause of hypertersion that can result from activating mutations of NCC

A

Gordon Syndrome

19
Q

Genetic cause odf hypertension that can result from activating mutations of ENaC

A

Liddle Syndrome

20
Q

Bacteria associated with Staghorn calculi

A

Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella sp

21
Q

virulence factor of E coli that interacts with a specific receptor on renal epithelial cells

A

P fimbriae

22
Q

virulence factor of E coli that binds to uroplakin on the luminal surface of bladder uroepithelial cells

A

Type 1 pili

23
Q

Characteristic fever of Pyelonephritis

A

Picket Fence Pattern

24
Q

Glomerular glucose threshold

A

> 180 mg/dL

25
Q

Renal Cell Ca is associated with what syndrome

A

von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome

26
Q

Drugs that act of PCT

A

Acetazolamide and Mannitol

27
Q

Drugs that act on Loop of Henle

A

Furosemide, Torsemide, Bumetamide, Ethacrynic Acid

28
Q

Drugs that act on the distal tubule

A

HCT, Metolazone, Chlorthalidone

29
Q

Drugs that act on Collecting ducts

A

Amiloride, Spironolactone, Triamterine, Lithium, Demeclocycline

PLE - Internal Medicine (4 decks)

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