Nerve Malformations

Question 1

This category of drugs in which studies have shown no risk to the fetus

Answer 1

Category A

Question 2

This category of drugs w/ no human studies but animal studies have shown effects of fetus

Answer 2

Category B

Question 3

This category of drugs has studies that are inadequate in both human and animal to show effect the fetus

Answer 3

Category C

Question 4

This category of drugs defiantly causes harm to the fetus but benefits the mother

Answer 4

Category D

Question 5

This category of drugs causes harm to the fetus with no benefit to the mother

Answer 5

Category X

Question 6

What is a tetrogen?

Answer 6

Any agent that can produce congenital malformations

Question 7

That is a sign?

Answer 7

An objective evidence of disease

Question 8

A Subjective evidence of disease is a what?

Answer 8

Symptom

Question 9

A syndrome is…

Answer 9

a set of symptoms and signs that occur together

Question 10

What is the study of the cause of disease

Answer 10

Etiology

Question 11

The critical period of development for the nervous system

Answer 11

3rd-7th week

Question 12

The critical period of development for the cardiovascular system

Answer 12

4th-6th week

Question 13

The critical period of development for the ears

Answer 13

4th-8th week

Question 14

The critical period of development for the eyes

Answer 14

4th-8th week

Question 15

The critical period of development for the limbs

Answer 15

4th-7th week

Question 16

What are the two kinds of “Trisomy of Y”?

Answer 16

47XXY male-Klinefelter’s syndrome and 47XYY- Modified Klinefelter’s

Question 17

Individuals that are 47XXY, have the following symptoms:

Answer 17

Tall stature, Normal development, average IQ, Long legs when compared to trunk, chromatin positive

Question 18

Individuals with 47 XYY would have the following symptoms:

Answer 18

Tall stature, Normal IQ, Hypertelorism, Long legs, Scanty Facial Hair, Cryptorchism, Chromatic Negative

Question 19

What are the symptoms of of turner’s syndrom

Answer 19

Horse shoe kidney, unilateral renal agenesis, lack of breast development, infantile external genitalia, chromatin negative

Question 20

The symptoms of 46 (22q+)

Answer 20

Cat-eye syndrome, Anal Atresia, Inferior Coloboma, ASD, Posible mosaic, renal agenesis, agenesis of uterus or Fallopian tubes, reto-vestibular fistula

Question 21

The symptoms of 46 (5p-)

Answer 21

Mental retardation, low birth weight, high pitch cry, hypotonia, microcephaly, hypertelorism, simian crease, short metacarpals, cardiac defects, renal agenesis, premature greying of the hair

Question 22

Waht does RAD stand for?

Answer 22

Radiation Absorbed Dose

Question 23

What is the standard x-ray radiation does?

Answer 23

below 5,000 milli-REM

Question 24

What does REM stand for?

Answer 24

Roentgen Equivalent of Man

Question 25

What are some of the effects of radiation damage in the human body?

Answer 25

1) produce free radicals 2) Break and produce new chemical bonds 3) Damage molecules that regulate vital cell processes

Question 26

What is the major risk of radiation to the fetus in the 1st trimester?

Answer 26

Will often cause fetal death while the fetus is most sensitive

Question 27

In the 2nd trimester, what is the risk to the fetus when radiation is applied

Answer 27

The major organ systems are most sensitive and can cause several malformations

Question 28

In the 3rd trimester, what is the risk to the fetus when radiation is applied?

Answer 28

The cell population is severely depleted and can lead to leukemia