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HUBS191 Questions > Nerve & Muscle- Flow of Information > Flashcards

Nerve & Muscle- Flow of Information Flashcards

(70 cards)

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1
Q

What are the two types of information transmitted in the nervous system?

A

Somatic and autonomic

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2
Q

What is somatic information?

A

The stuff we are aware of and have control over

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3
Q

What is the two types of somatic information?

A

Somatic efferent (motor) and somatic afferent (sensory)

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4
Q

What is somatic efferent information?

A

Voluntary muscle control

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5
Q

What is somatic afferent information?

A

Sensory information we are aware of

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6
Q

What is autonomic information?

A

The stuff we aren’t aware of and have no control over

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7
Q

What is the two types of autonomic information?

A

Autonomic efferent (motor) and autonomic afferent (sensory)

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8
Q

What is autonomic efferent information?

A

Involuntary muscle control

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9
Q

What is autonomic afferent information?

A

Sensory information that we don’t know about

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10
Q

How many neurons are between the brain and effector in the somatic efferent division?

A

2

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11
Q

What are the two neurons called in the somatic efferent division?

A

Upper motor neuron and lower motor neuron

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12
Q

Where is the cell body of the upper motor neuron?

A

In the brain (CNS)

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13
Q

Where is the axon of the upper motor neuron?

A

In the spinal cord (CNS)

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14
Q

What is the myelination status of the upper motor neurons axon?

A

Myelinated

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15
Q

Where is the cell body of the lower motor neuron?

A

In the spinal cord (CNS)

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16
Q

Where is the axon of the lower motor neuron?

A

In the spinal nerve (PNS)

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17
Q

What are effectors?

A

Things the nerve goes to and controls

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18
Q

What is the effector of the somatic efferent division?

A

Skeletal muscle fibres

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19
Q

What is the neurotransmitter of the somatic efferent division?

A

Acetylcholine

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20
Q

Where is acetylcholine released in the somatic efferent division?

A

At the synaptic cleft of the lower motor neuron

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21
Q

What is the pre-synaptic cell?

A

The lower motor neuron

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22
Q

What is the post-synaptic cell?

A

The effector/muscle

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23
Q

Where do the pre and post synaptic cells meet?

A

At the neuromuscular junction

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24
Q

What control is the autonomic efferent nervous system under?

A

Involuntary

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25
What are the divisions of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
26
What are the effectors of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands, adipose (fat) tissue
27
How many neurons are between the brain and the effector in the autonomic efferent nervous system?
3
28
Where is the cell body of neuron #1?
In the brain (CNS)
29
Where is the axon of neuron #1?
In the brain or spinal cord (CNS)
30
Where is the cell body in neuron #2?
Brain or spinal cord (CNS)
31
Where is the axon in neuron#2?
PNS
32
What is the myelination status of the axon of neuron #2?
Myelinated
33
Where is the synapse of neuron #2?
The autonomic ganglion
34
What is neuron #2 also known as?
Preganglionic neuron
35
What is the neurotransmitter of neuron #2?
Acetylcholine
36
Where is the cell body of neuron #3?
In the PNS (autonomic ganglion)
37
Where is the axon of neuron #3?
Extends in the PNS to the effector organ
38
What is the myelination status of neuron #3?
Unmyelinated
39
Where is the synapse of neuron #3?
At the effector organ
40
What is neuron #3 also known as?
Post-ganglionic neuron
41
What is the neurotransmitter of neuron #3?
Acetylcholine or norepinephrine
42
What are the subdivisions of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
43
What is the neurotransmitter of the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Norepinephrine
44
What is the neurotransmitter of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Acetylcholine
45
What does the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system do?
Prepare the body for acute/stress responses
46
What does the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system do?
Prepare the body for restful situations?
47
What is the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system also known as?
The fight or flight system
48
What is the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system also known as?
The rest and digest system
49
What are the effects of the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Increased heart rate, constricting blood vessels to increase the blood flow to muscles, decrease gastric motility, decreased salivation, increased pupil size and increased sweating
50
What are the effects of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Decreased heart rat, increased gastric motility, decreased pupil size and increased salivation
51
What is the length of the axon of neuron #2 in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Short
52
What is the length of the axon of neuron #2 in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Long
53
Where is the position of the ganglion in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Close to the CNS
54
Where is the position of the ganglion in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Distant from the CNS
55
What is the length of the axon of neuron #3 in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Long
56
What is the length of the axon of neuron #3 in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Short
57
Where is the cell body of the preganglionic neuron found in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
In the thoracolumbar (thoracic and lumbar regions) levels of the spinal cord (CNS)
58
What is the length of the axon of the preganglionic neuron found in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Short
59
Where do the axon terminals of the preganglionic neuron found in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system synapse?
In the sympathetic ganglion
60
Where is the cell body of the postganglionic neuron found in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
In the sympathetic ganglion
61
What is the length of the axon of the postganglionic neuron found in the sympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Long
62
Where is the sympathetic chain ganglia found?
Either side of the vertebral column
63
How many pairs of sympathetic chain ganglia are there?
21-23
64
Sympathetic chain ganglia is the place where...
Preganglionic (neuron #2) axons synapse onto the postganglionic (neuron #3) input zone
65
What is the myelination status of the sympathetic chain ganglia?
Unmyelianted
66
Where is the cell body of the preganglionic neuron found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
In cranial (brainstem) and sacral (spinal cord) levels
67
What is the length of the axon of the preganglionic neuron found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Long
68
Where do the axon terminals of the preganglionic neuron found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system synapse?
In the parasympathetic ganglia which is in or near the effector
69
Where is the cell body of the postganglionic neuron found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
In the parasympathetic ganglia which is in or near the effector organs
70
What is the length of the axon of the postganglionic neuron found in the parasympathetic division of the autonomic efferent nervous system?
Short

HUBS191 Questions (29 decks)

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