Nerve System 3 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are general senses?
Receptors spreads widely throughout the body such as skin, various organs, and joints.
Chemoreceptors?
Respond to chemical change.
What are special senses?
Receptors located in the head such as in the ears, nose, eyes, and mouth.
Pain receptors are also called ……. And they respond to?
Nociceptors, respond to tissue damage.
Thermoreptors?
Respond to change in temperature
Mechanoreptors?
Respond to mechanical forces.
Photoreceptors?
Respond to changes in light
What are sensory impulses?
Stimulation of a sensory receptor causes local change in its membrane or receptor potential
What is sensory adaptation?
The ability to ignore unimportant stimuli
Free never endings?
Sense itching, found in the most simple receptor, also common in epithelial tissue.
Tactile (meissners) corpuscles ?
Detect fine touch and are found in hairless portions of the skin, ex lips, fingertips palms, and soles.
Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles?
- Common in deeper dermal tissues, tendons and ligaments
* Detect heavy pressure and vibrations
Proprioception?
Sensations of body position, posture, balance, and motion Main types: • Pacinian corpuscles – in joints • Muscle spindles – in skeletal muscles* • Golgi tendon organs – in tendons*
Olfactory receptors?
- Chemoreceptors
* Respond to chemicals dissolved in liquids
Olfactory never pathway?
• Olfactory nerves olfactory bulbs olfactory tracts limbic system (for emotions) and olfactory cortex (for interpretation of smell)
Taste buds are..
- Organs of taste
* Located on papillae of tongue, roof of mouth, linings of cheeks and walls of pharynx
Taste receptors?
- Taste cells – modified epithelial cells that function as sensory receptors
- Taste hairs –microvilli that protrude from taste cells; sensitive parts of taste cells
- Chemoreceptors respond to chemicals dissolved in saliva
Taste nerve pathways…
- Sensory impulses from taste receptors travel along:
- Cranial nerves to…
- Medulla oblongata to…
- Thalamus to…
- Gustatory cortex (for interpretation)
Taste sensations..
- Five primary taste sensations
- Sweet - stimulated by carbohydrates
- Sour - stimulated by acids
- Salty - stimulated by salts
- Bitter - stimulated by many organic compounds
- Umami – stimulated by some amino acids
External ear consists of..
Auricle- collects sound waves
External auditory meatus-carries sound to tympanic membrane
Tympanic membrane- vibrates in response to sound waves
Middle ear consists of….
Tympanic cavity- Air-filled space in
temporal bone
Auditory ossicles-Vibrate in response to tympanic membrane
Oval window- Opening in wall of tympanic cavity
Auditory tube..
Connects middle ear to throat and equalizes pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane
Inner ear consists of
Cochlea- functions in hearing
Semicircular canals- functions in equilibrium
Vestibule- functions in equilibrium
Static equilibrium..
- Vestibule
* Senses position of head when body is not moving
