Nerves

Question 1

Shoulder:
Gate ways to the posterior scapular region:

What forms the super scapular notch of the scapula?

What structure pass through it?

Answer 1

Structure pass form base of neck and the posterior scapular region

Suprascapular notch of scapula, superior transverse scapular ligament

Suprascapular artery, vein, nerve

Question 2

What is the horse of the quadrangular space from posterior?

Answer 2

Inferior margins of teres minor

Surgical neck if humerus

Superior margins of teres major

Lateral margins of the long head of the tricep brachii

Question 3

What structure pass through quatrangular space?

Answer 3

Axillary nerve

Posterior circumflex humeral artery and vein

Question 4

What is the border of the triangular space?

Answer 4

Median margins of the long head of tricep brachii

Superior margins of teres major

Inferior margin did the teres minor

Question 5

What structure pass through the triangular space

Answer 5

Circumflex scapular artery and vein

Question 6

Triangular interval formed by

Answer 6

Lateral margins of long head of tricep brachii

Shaft of humerus

Inferior margins of teres major

Question 7

What pass through triangular interval

Answer 7

Radial nerve

Profunda brachii artery

And other veins

Inferior boundary of axilla

Question 8

Nerve of posterior scapular region

Answer 8

Suprascapular

Axillary nerve

Form brachial plexus

Question 9

Where does suprascapular never originate

And what does it innervates

Answer 9

Base of neck from superior trunk of brachial plexus

Passes posterolaterally from its origins through suprescapulsr foramen

Innervates supraspinatus, pass through greater scapular notch (spinogelnoid) between footy of spine of scapular and glenoid cavity

Terminate in and innervates infraspinatus muscle

Question 10

Axillary nerve

Pathway and innervation

Answer 10

Posterior cord of brachial plexus

Exit axilla by quadraangular space and enter posterior scapular region

Winds around posterior surface of surgical neck of humerus

Innervates deltoid and teres minor

Superior cutaneous nerve, carry general sensation from skin over inferior part of deltoid muscles

Question 11

What are the three major arteries found in the posterior scapular region?

Answer 11

suprascuplar,
posterior circumflex humeral
circumflex scapular arteries

Question 12

What is the quadrangular space syndrome?

Answer 12

hypertropy of muscles around the spcae or fibrosis of the muscles edges, impinge the axillary nerve

weakness in deltoid muscles, atrophy of teres minor muscles
(abduction, lateral rotation etc)

Question 13

What forms the brachial plexus?

Answer 13

anterior rami of C5 to C8, and T1

Question 14

What are the different sections of the brachial plexus?

Answer 14

Roots, (C5 to C8 and anterior rami of T1)

Trunks: superior (union of C5 and C6), middle (C7), inferior (union of C8 and T1)

Divisions (anterior and posterior

Cords: lateral, medial and posterior

Question 15

What makes up the lateral cord

position relative to other structures

Answer 15

union of ant division of superior and middle trunks (C5 to C7)

lateral of second part of axillary artery

Question 16

What makes up the middle cord

position relative to other structures

Answer 16

continuation of ant divisions of inf trunk

medial to second part of axillary artery

Question 17

What makes up the posterior cord

position relative to other structures

Answer 17

union of all three post divisions (C5 to T1)

occurs posterior to second part of axillary artery

Question 18

Branches of the roots:

where does the dorsal scapular nerve originates and innervates

Answer 18

C5 roots of brachial plexus,

poss post, travel long medial border of scapula

innervates the rhomboid major and minor

Question 19

Branches of the roots:

where does long thoracic nerve originates and innervates

Answer 19

anterior rami of C5 to C7

vertically down neck, through axillary inlet,
down medial wall of axilla

innervates serratus ant and lies on superficial aspect

Question 20

branches of trunks:

suprascapular nerve
origin and innervation

Answer 20

superior trunk of brachial plexus

laterally through post triangle of neck
through suprascapular foramen, enter post scapular region

innervates supraspinatus and infraspinatus

Question 21

branches of trunks:

nerve to subclavius muscle

origin and innervation

Answer 21

from superior trunk of brachial plexus

anteroinferiorly over subclavian artery and vein

innervates subclavius muscle

Question 22

lateral cord branches:
lateral pectoral nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 22

pass ant, tgt with thoroco-acromial artery

penetrate clavipectoral fascia (between subclavius and pec minor)

innervate pect major

Question 23

IMPT

lateral cord branches: musculocutaneous nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 23

pass lat to penetrate corocobrachialis,
between bicep brachii and brachialis

Innervate the 3 flexor muscle in ant compart.

ends as lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 24

lateral cord branches: lateral root of median nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 24

medially to join with branch from medial cord: med nerve

Question 25

branches of med cord:

med pectoral nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 25

receive communicating branch from lat pectoral nerve

pass ant bwt axillary artery and vein

penetrate and innervate pect minor and pect major

Question 26

branches of med cord:

med cutaneous nerve of arm/ med brachial cutaneous nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 26

pass through axilla, penetrate deep fascia, supplies skin over med side of distal third of arm

Question 27

branches of med cord:

med cutaneous nerve of forearm/ med antebrachial cutaneous nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 27

distal to origin of med brachial cutaneous nerve

out of axilla, into arm, branch over skin over bicep b.
penetrate deep fascia with basilic vein, inf to supply skin over ant surface of forearm.

innervate skin over med surface of forearm down to wrist

Question 28

branches of med cord:

med root of med nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 28

join with root from lat cord form med nerve ant to third part of axillary artery

Question 29

IMPT

branches of med cord:

ulnar nerve

origin, path, innervation

Answer 29

communicating branch from lat root of med nerve

pass arm and forearm

innervate all intrinsic muscles of hand (except thenar and 2 lat lumbricals)

innervate FCU, FDP
skin over palmar surface of little finger, med half of ring finger, skin over dorsal surf of med part of hand

Question 30

IMPT

Median nerve

Answer 30

ant to third part of axillary artery

union of lat and med roots originating from lat and med cord

Question 31

IMPT

Median nerve

Answer 31

ant to third part of axillary artery

union of lat and med roots originating from lat and med cord of brachial plexus

into arm art to brachial artery, then to forearm

innervate muscles in ant compartment of forearm (except for FCU and medial half of FDP)

3 thenar muscles of thumb
2 lat lumbricals associated with mov. of index and middle fingers
skin of palmar surface of lat 3 and 1/2 digits and lat side of palm and middle of wrist

Question 32

Distinctive structure of bracial plexus, to identify

Answer 32

M formed by musculacutaneous neer, lat root of med nerve, median nerve, ulnar nerve

over axillary artery

peneration of corocobrachialis by musculocutaneous nerve