Nervous And Endocrine Systems Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is the primary function of the endocrine system?
To control vital functions in the body alongside the nervous system
How does the endocrine system compare to the nervous system in terms of speed and effects?
The endocrine system acts more slowly but has widespread and powerful effects
What do glands in the endocrine system produce?
Hormones
Where are hormones secreted?
Into the bloodstream
What is a key characteristic of hormones in relation to body cells?
They affect any cell that has a receptor for that particular hormone
What hormone does the thyroid gland produce?
Thyroxine
What are the effects of thyroxine on the heart and metabolic rates?
Increases heart rate and metabolic rates
What is the role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?
It controls the release of hormones from all other endocrine glands
What is often referred to as the ‘master gland’?
Pituitary gland
How do the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) work together during stress?
They activate the fight or flight response
Which part of the brain activates the pituitary gland during a stress response?
Hypothalamus
What is the physiological state of the ANS during a stress response?
Sympathetic state
What hormone is released from the adrenal medulla?
Adrenaline
What physiological changes does adrenaline trigger?
Increased heart rate
What is the immediate response of the body when a threat is detected?
An acute response and automatic reaction
What does the parasympathetic nervous system do after a threat has passed?
Returns the body to its resting state
What is the function of the parasympathetic branch of the ANS?
Acts as a brake and reduces body activities
Fill in the blank: The sympathetic nervous system is activated during a _______.
Stressful event
True or False: The physiological changes associated with the sympathetic response can include feelings of excitement.
True
What is the primary function of the nervous system?
To collect, process and respond to information in the environment and coordinate the working of different organs and cells in the body.
What are the two main subsystems of the nervous system?
- Central nervous system (CNS)
- Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consist of?
The brain and the spinal cord.
What is the role of the brain in the nervous system?
The center of all conscious awareness.
How thick is the cerebral cortex?
3 mm.
