Nervous, Musculoskeletal, Carvdiovascular and lymphatic systems

Question 1

Which of the following organisms does not have a predilection site for the nervous tissue?

A. Cryptococcus neoformans
B. Histophilus somni
C. Listeria monocytogenes
D. Salmonella

Answer 1

D. Salmonella

Question 2

Plecytosis is the presence of:

A. geomorphic cells in the blood
B. geomorphic cells in the CSF
C. Pleomorphic cells in the nervous tissue
D. Increased number of cells in the cerebral spinal fluid

Answer 2

D. increased number of cells in the cerebral spinal fluid

Question 3

Which of the following is not a histotoxic Clostridium sp./

A. C. chauvoei
B. C. Novyi
C. C. septicum
D. C. difficile

Answer 3

D. C. difficile

Question 4

What causes thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME) or thrombotic meningoencephalitis (TME)?

Answer 4

Histophilus somni

Question 5

What does Histophilus somni cause?

Answer 5

blindness, ataxia, convulsions, depression and coma

Question 6

What are pathognomonic lesions of Histophilus somni?

Answer 6

Multiple reddish necrotic foci, thrombi in blood vessels composed of leukocytes, fibrin

Question 7

Histophilus somni is also known as?

Answer 7

Sleeper syndrome

Question 8

Listeria monocytogenes is a common infection in what animals?

Answer 8

Cattle, sheep and goats

Question 9

What does Listeria monocytogenes cause?

Answer 9

• circling disease

- encephalitis

Question 10

How do the bacteria get to the CNS in Listeria monocytogenes?

Answer 10

bacterial invade through the oral mucosa and travel along the TRIGEMINAL NERVE and have affinity for the brain stem

Question 11

How do ruminants get Listeria monocytoenes?

Answer 11

ingestion of contaminated silage during winter

Question 12

How is listeriosis presented in calves?

Answer 12

foal hepatic necrosis (necrotizing hepatitis) and hemorrhagic gastroenteritis

FOOD SAFTY PATHOGEN

Question 13

What laboratory diagnostic tests would you need to do to check for Listeria?

Answer 13

Listeria enrichment culture or PCR

Question 14

What is the drug of choice for Listeria monocytogenes?

Answer 14

Penicillin (high doses are required because of the difficulty in achieving minimum bactericidal concentrations in the brain)

Question 15

What causes sporadic bovine encephalomyelitis in feedlot cattle?

Answer 15

Chlamydia pecorum

Question 16

What causes meningitis in calves as a result of systemic infection by what bacteria?

Answer 16

Salmonella Dublin

Question 17

Cryptococcus infection in cats causes what type of infection (mainly)?

Answer 17

CNS infection

Question 18

Focal symmetrical encephalomalacia in sheep is caused by what bacteria?

Answer 18

Clostridium perfringens type D

Question 19

What does Clostridium perfringens type D cause in sheep?

Answer 19

• focal symmetrical encehalomalacia
• symmetrical necrosis and hemorrhage of the white matter
• pulpy kidney

Question 20

What are some bacteria that cause pericarditis, myocarditis or endocarditis?

Answer 20

• Clostridium chauvoei (black leg)
• Tyzzers disease
• Fusobacterium necrophorum
• Trueperella pyogenes
• Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis
• Histophilus somni

Question 21

Edema disease in pigs is caused by what toxin?

Answer 21

Shiga toxin

Question 22

Edema disease in pigs is primarily a disease of the vasculature and subcutaneous tissue. True or False?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Where would you get edema in edema disease in pigs?

Answer 23

• eyelid
• submucosa of the stomach
  mesocolon

Question 24

Lymphadentitis is caused by which bacteria?

Answer 24

• Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (caseous lymphadentitis)
• Strangles (streptococcus equi sub equi)

Question 25

Lymphangitis is caused by which bacteria?

Answer 25

- Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (pigeon fever) | - Sporothrix schenkii

Question 26

Rickettsia infects what part of the vasculature?

Answer 26

Vascular endothelium

Question 27

Anaplasma infects what part of the vasculature?

Answer 27

Erythrocytes, phagocytes, and platelets

Question 28

Ehrliche infects what part of the vasculature?

Answer 28

Phagocytic cells

Question 29

Neorickettsia infects what part of the vasculature?

Answer 29

Macrophage and enterocytes

Question 30

The order Rickettsiales are obligate intracellular pathogens. True or false?

Answer 30

TRUE!!!

Question 31

What causes myositis?

Answer 31

Histotoxic Clostridium sp.

Question 32

What causes arthritis?

Answer 32

- Streptococcus - Mycoplasma Boris - Lyme disease - Chlamydia - Erysipelothrix

Question 33

What causes osteomyelitis?

Answer 33

- Brucellosis (B. canis) - Actinomyces bovis - Coccidiodies immitis

Question 34

Clostridium tetani is an aerobic gram positive rod. True or false?

Answer 34

False (anaerobic gram positive rod)

Question 35

Clostridium tentani causes what?

Answer 35

- spastic paralysis

Question 36

Clostridium tetani is an enterotoxin. True or false?

Answer 36

False (neurotoxin) --> tetanospasmin

Question 37

Where can you find Clostridium tetani?

Answer 37

soil and feces

Question 38

What toxin types do you see with Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 38

- Toxin types A-G

Question 39

Clostridium botulinum causes what?

Answer 39

- flasid paralysis | - food poisoning

Question 40

Clostridium botulinum is a neurotoxin. True or false?

Answer 40

True

Question 41

Infections of Clostridium botulinum is through wounds or the intestines. True or false?

Answer 41

True

Question 42

What is the pathogenesis of Clostridium botulinum?

Answer 42

inhibits neurotransmitter release (acetylcholine)

Question 43

Clostridium chauvoei causes what?

Answer 43

black leg

Question 44

What are the hosts of Clostridium chauvoei?

Answer 44

cattle, sheep and pigs

Question 45

Clostridium septicum causes what?

Answer 45

- malignant edema (through wounds) - Braxy (abomastitis) - necrotic dermatitis (chickens)

Question 46

What are the hosts of Clostridium septicum?

Answer 46

- cattle, sheep, pigs and chicken

Question 47

Clostridium novyi (A, B and C) causes what?

Answer 47

Gas gangrene and black disease (necrotic hepatitis)

Question 48

Clostridium hemolyticum causes what?

Answer 48

Bacillary hemoglobinuria (liver affected)

Question 49

What are the hosts of Clostridium hemolyticum?

Answer 49

Cattle and sheep

Question 50

Clostridium sordellii causes what?

Answer 50

Gas gangrene

Question 51

What are the hosts for Clostridium sordellii?

Answer 51

Cattle and sheep

Question 52

Clostridium coliseum causes what?

Answer 52

ulcerative enteritis (quail disease)

Question 53

What are the hosts of Clostridium colinum?

Answer 53

quail and other birds

Question 54

What are the histotoxic Clostridial species?

Answer 54

- C. Chauvoei - C. novyi - C. septicum - C. perfringens

Question 55

Histotoxic Clostridial species cause what mainly?

Answer 55

necrotic myositis

Question 56

How would you diagnose clostridial necrotic myositis?

Answer 56

direct flurorescent antibody staining (DFA) (available for C. chauvoei, C. septicum, C. novyi) Anerobic culture is not the best