NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 1

It is a master control and communicating system of the body

Answer 1

NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 2

branch of medicine that specializes in diagnosing and treating nervous system disorders

Answer 2

NEUROLOGY

Question 3

The mean of nervous system . Also known as “action potential” and “ electrical impulse”

Answer 3

Nerve impulse

Question 4

What are the three functions of nervous system?

Answer 4

1. Sensory function
2. Intergration
3. Motor function

Question 5

It is the analysis and interpretation of sensory inputs and making decisions consciously and unconsciously

Answer 5

Intergration

Question 6

This are the major organs for processing sensory inputs and initiating response

Answer 6

BRAIN and SPINAL CORD

Question 7

This is the specific area of the brain and spinal cord which process particular inputs

Answer 7

Control center

Question 8

It is sending of commands or motor outputs to activate effector organs

Answer 8

MOTOR FUNCTION

Question 9

This includes the brain and spinal cord

Answer 9

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 10

Comprise sensory receptors and all nerves outside the CNS.
Relays information from CNS

Answer 10

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Question 11

It convey impulses to the CNS from sensory receptors located in the various parts of the body

Answer 11

Sensory or afferent division

Question 12

Associated with muscle , joint and skin

Answer 12

Somasensatory receptors

Question 13

Found in eye, ear, nose and tounge

Answer 13

Special receptors

Question 14

Found in internal organ

Answer 14

Autonomic sensory receptors

Question 15

It carry impulses to the EFFECTOR ORGANS

Answer 15

MOTOR DIVISION

Question 16

✓ regulates activities under
voluntary control
✓ initiates skeletal muscle
actions

Answer 16

SOMATIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 17

✓ regulates involuntary actions
(e.g. heart rate, BP, body temp.)
✓ involves cardiac muscle, smooth
muscle & glandular tissue

Answer 17

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

Question 18

supports “fight-or-flight” responses or emergency
actions

Answer 18

Sympathetic

Question 19

supports “rest-anddigest” activities

Answer 19

PARASYMPATHETIC

Question 20

• collective term for
supporting cells of the
nervous system

Answer 20

NEUROGLIA

Question 21

✓ hold neurons in place
✓ regulate exchange of
substances to & from CNS
neurons
✓ form the blood–brain
barrier to protect neurons

Answer 21

ASTROCYTES

Question 22

✓smallest & least abundant
neuroglia of the CNS
✓ protect against
microorganisms
✓ clear away debris of dead
cells

Answer 22

MICROGLIA

Question 23

produce
cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) &
assist in its circulation

Answer 23

Ependymal cells

Question 24

produce &
maintain fatty insulating
coverings called myelin
sheath

Answer 24

Oligodendrocytes

Question 25

✓ make myelin sheath of PNS neurons ✓ aid in axon repair

Answer 25

SHWANN CELLS

Question 26

the sheath around PNS axons formed by the cytoplasm & nuclei of Schwann cells; is essential for the regeneration of damaged PNS neurons

Answer 26

NEUROLEMMA

Question 27

Sorrounds the cell body of the PNS neurons

Answer 27

Satellite cells

Question 28

It is the functional unit of nervous system

Answer 28

Neuron

Question 29

It is the ability to respond the stimulus and convert it into nerve impulse

Answer 29

Irritability or excitability

Question 30

Ability to transmit the impulse to other neurons, muscle or glands

Answer 30

Conductivity

Question 31

•branches of a neuron • also called “nerve fibers” • collective name for the axon & dendrites

Answer 31

Processes

Question 32

Metabolic center of the neuron

Answer 32

Cell body

Question 33

• shorter, numerous branches of the neuron • together w/ the cell body, are the receiving or input parts of the neuron

Answer 33

Dendrites

Question 34

Conduct nerve impulse to another neuron

Answer 34

Axon

Question 35

Sites where impulses begin

Answer 35

Axon hillock

Question 36

Ending of an axon

Answer 36

Axon terminal

Question 37

• a many-layered covering composed of lipid & protein • insulates the axon of a neuron & increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction

Answer 37

MYELIN SHEATH

Question 38

Gaps in myelin sheath

Answer 38

Node of ranvier

Question 39

• the functional junction bet. two neurons or bet. a neuron & an effector, such as a muscle or gland

Answer 39

Synapse

Question 40

• the tiny gap w/c separates an axon terminal from the next neuron or effector

Answer 40

Synaptic cleft

Question 41

• tiny sacs contained in the axon terminals

Answer 41

Synaptic vesicles

Question 42

the means of communication at a synapse

Answer 42

Neurotransmitter

Question 43

What are the three functional classification of neurons

Answer 43

1. Sensory 2. Motor 3. Interneuron

Question 44

Carry impulses from SENSORY RECEPTORS TO CNS

Answer 44

Sensory

Question 45

Carry impulses from CNS TO EFFECTOR ORGANS

Answer 45

MOTOR

Question 46

Connect motor and sensory and integrate impulses

Answer 46

INTERNEURON

Question 47

• clusters of cell bodies of neurons within the CNS • called a “center” if with the same function

Answer 47

NUCLEI

Question 48

Cluster of cell body IN PNS

Answer 48

GANGLIA

Question 49

Bundles of nerve fibers in CNS

Answer 49

Tract

Question 50

Bundle of nerve fiber in PNS

Answer 50

Nerves

Question 51

dense collection of myelinated fibers (tracts) in the CNS

Answer 51

WHITE MATTER

Question 52

dense collection of UNMYELINATED fibers & nuclei in the CNS

Answer 52

GRAY MATTER

Question 53

• a faster type of conduction that occurs in myelinated axons • the nerve impulse literally jumps or leaps

Answer 53

Saltatory conduction

Question 54

occurs in UNMYELINATED axons • each adjacent segment of the plasma membrane

Answer 54

Continuous conduction

Question 55

stimulates skeletal muscle contraction (excitatory at neuromuscular junctions)

Answer 55

Acetylcholine

Question 56

help in the regulation of skeletal muscle tone and movement Pleasure and addictive

Answer 56

Dopamine

Question 57

Encloses the entire nerve

Answer 57

Epineurium

Question 58

Covers bundle of nerve fasicle

Answer 58

Perineurium

Question 59

Covers each axon

Answer 59

Endoneurium

Question 60

Two classification of neurotransmitters

Answer 60

1. Excitatory 2. Excitability