Nervous System

Question 1

Neurons

Answer 1

Cells that communicate with one another to process information

Question 2

Glia

Answer 2

Cells that maintain the local environment that neurons need to function (electrical environment, waste clean up, immune function

Question 3

Cell Body

Answer 3

General functions needed to keep the neuron alive

Question 4

Dendrites

Answer 4

The input portion of a neuron that receives communication from other neurons

Question 5

Axon

Answer 5

The output portion of a neuron that sends signals to other neurons/muscles/glands

Question 6

Action Potential

Answer 6

An electrical impulse sent down an axon by a neuron

Question 7

Synapse

Answer 7

The relationship between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of another neuron

Question 8

Synaptic Cleft

Answer 8

Refers to the fact that neurons do not touch, there is a small space between them

Question 9

Presynaptic Neuron

Answer 9

Neuron that sends a neurotransmitter through the synaptic cleft

Question 10

Postsynaptic Neuron

Answer 10

Neuron that has receptors to receive the neurotransmitter through the synaptic cleft

Question 11

Resting Potential/Resting State

Answer 11

Inside of cell is more negative. Na channels closed, K channels open

Question 12

Action Potential

Answer 12

Inside of cell is more positive. Na channels on axon open up, K channels briefly close then reopen

Question 13

Agonists

Answer 13

Drugs that increase the action of a neurotransmitter

Question 14

Antagonists

Answer 14

Drugs that block the function of a neurotransmitter

Question 15

Two divisions of the overall nervous system

Answer 15

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Question 16

Brain and Spinal Cord

Answer 16

Parts of the Central Nervous System

Question 17

Two divisions of the peripheral nervous system

Answer 17

Somatic Nervous System and Autonomic Nervous system

Question 18

Peripheral Nervous System Function

Answer 18

Connects the CNS to the body’s organs and msucles

Question 19

Somatic Nervous System Function

Answer 19

Conveys sensory information and motor commands into and out of the CNS

Question 20

Two divisions of the autonomic nervous system

Answer 20

Sympathetic Nervous System and Parasympathetic Nervous System

Question 21

Autonomic Nervous System Function

Answer 21

Control bodily organs and galnds

Question 22

Sympathetic Nervous System Function

Answer 22

Prepares the body for action

Question 23

Parasympathetic Nervous System function

Answer 23

Helps body return to resting state and build energy supplies

Question 24

4 sections of the Spinal Cord

Answer 24

Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacrum (5)

Question 25

3 sections of the Brain

Answer 25

Brainstem, Cerebellum, Forebrain

Question 26

4 sections of the brainstem

Answer 26

Midbrain, Pons, Medulla Oblongata, Reticular Formation

Question 27

Function of the Medulla and Pons

Answer 27

Handling functions that are essential for survival such as heart rate, breathing, swallowing, and urination

Question 28

Function of the Reticular Formation and Midbrain

Answer 28

Regulate stages of sleep, alertness, visual function, and auditory function

Question 29

Function of the Cerebellum

Answer 29

A biological computer that assists the forebrain with motor control such as balance, stability, and sequence/timing of muscle contractions

Question 30

Parts of the Forebrain

Answer 30

Cerebral Cortex Shell and subcortical structures